Jacksonian Democracy
This system of rewarding political supporters with government jobs was a hallmark of Andrew Jackson's presidency
What is the spoils system? (or patronage)
This secret network helped enslaved individuals escape to freedom in the North and Canada
What is the Underground Railroad?
This belief that the United States was destined to expand across the continent was used to justify territorial acquisitions.
What is Manifest Destiny?
This 1820 agreement balanced the admission of Missouri as a slave state with Maine as a free state.
What is the Missouri Compromise?
This agreement admitted California as a free state and included a stricter Fugitive Slave Law.
What is the Compromise of 1850?
Jackson vetoed the recharter of this institution, calling it a "monopoly" that primarily benefited the wealthy.
What is the Second Bank of the United States?
This invention by Eli Whitney made cotton processing more efficient but increased the demand for enslaved labor.
What is the cotton gin?
This act of Congress, passed in 1830, led to the forced removal of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi River.
What is the Indian Removal Act?
This law allowed settlers in Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether to allow slavery, overturning the Missouri Compromise.
What is the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
This political controversy over tariffs and states' rights nearly led South Carolina to secede during Jackson's presidency.
What is the Nullification Crisis?
This mid-19th century economic shift was characterized by the rise of factories, mechanization, and national markets.
What is the Market Revolution?
This 1848 treaty ended the Mexican-American War and granted the U.S. control of the Mexican Cession.
What is the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo?
This violent period of conflict in Kansas resulted from disagreements over whether the territory would allow slavery.
What is "Bleeding Kansas"?
This abolitionist novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe galvanized Northern opposition to slavery.
What is Uncle Tom's Cabin?
This economic collapse followed Jackson's Specie Circular and the destruction of the national bank.
What is the Panic of 1837?
This religious movement of the early 19th century led to social reforms, including abolition and temperance.
What is the Second Great Awakening?
This purchase from Mexico in 1853-1853 finalized the continental borders of the United States.
What is the Gadsden Purchase?
This resolution, passed in 1836, prohibited discussion of anti-slavery petitions in the House of Representatives and was strongly opposed by John Quincy Adams.
What is the "Gag rule"?
This 1857 Supreme Court decision declared African Americans were not citizens and invalidated the Missouri Compromise.
What is Dred Scott v. Sanford?
This 1832 Supreme Court case ruled in favor of Cherokee sovereignty, but Jackson ignored the decision.
What is Worcester v. Georgia?
This 1848 event in New York marked the beginning of the organized women's rights movement in the U.S.
What is the Seneca Falls Convention?
This failed proposal sought to ban slavery in all territory gained from the Mexican-American War.
What is the Wilmot Proviso?
This Illinois senator advocated for popular sovereignty in the Kansas and Nebraska territories
Who is Stephen Douglas?
This man led a raid on the armory in Harper's Ferry, Virginia in an attempt to spark a slave uprising.