Central Nervous System
The body parts that make up the cns.
What is the spinal cord and brain.
The area of the body where the peripheral nervous systems works in.
What is the entire body excluding the spinal cord and the brain?
The part of the neuron that receives signals from a presynaptic neuron.
What are dendrites?
The voltage of a resting membrane potential
What is -70mV?
The max voltage achieved during an action potential
What is 35 mV?
The type of neuron that is confined to the cns
What are interneurons?
The neurons that receive signals from interneurons that are sent to muscles, bone, and skin.
What are efferent neurons?
The part of the neuron that converts the electric signal into a chemical signal that can be picked up by another neuron.
What are the axon terminals?
The ion that is most concentrated inside of the cell when a neuron is at rest
What is potassium?
The location on the neuron where an action potential occurs
What is the axon?
The types of neuroglia found in the cns
What are oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, astrocytes, and microglia
The cell that produces myelin sheath in the pns.
What are schwann cells?
The factors affecting conduction speed.
What are the diameter of fiber and the presence of a myelin sheath?
The voltage gated ion channel that opens after the membrane potential reaches -55 mV
What is the sodium channel?
The decremental membrane potential
What is the local potential?
The cell known for making myelin sheath in the cns
What are oligodendrocytes?
The division of the nervous system that tends to have a calming affect.
What is the parasympathetic division?
The most common type of neuron characterized by their singular axon and multiple dendrites that branch off from the soma
What are multipolar neurons?
The reason why the outside of the cell is more positive than the inside at the resting membrane potential.
What is the greater number of sodium ions than potassium, as well as the extra non-sodium ions, such as calcium?
Purpose of the refractory period
What is to ensure the unidirectional movement of a signal down the axon.
The cell known for regulating/maintaining homeostasis of cerebrospinal fluid and creating the fluid barrier by the brain
What are ependymal cells?
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system are apart of this division of the pns.
What is the visceral motor division?
The type of neuron with no axon
What is an anaxonic neuron?
The entire process of depolarization, including what happens at the neuron and cellular level
What is...
The neuron receives a signal via the dendrites. As the signal travels from the dendrites through the soma, small amounts of sodium enter the cell, making the inside more positive. When it reaches the threshold of -55 mV, an action potential begins from the axon hillock. The sodium voltage gated ion channel opens, allowing for the rapid influx of sodium, which significantly raises the voltage. Once it hits 35 mV, the sodium ion channels close, and repolarization begins.
The entire process of repolarization, including what happens at the neuron and cellular level.
What is...
When the voltage reaches 35 mV, the sodium ion channels close and the potassium ion channels open. Potassium flows out of the cell, making the cell significantly more negative. The potassium ion channels only close after the voltage has dropped below -70 mV. Eventually, the concentration of sodium and potassium balances out in the extracellular and intracellular fluid, and the neuron is back at rest at -70 mV.