Anatomy
3 Major Functions:
1. Intake/digest food: carbs, lipids, and proteins
2. Absorb food into blood
3. Eliminate waste
study of the anatomy and physiology of the distal esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
UGI
study of the anatomy and physiology of the pharynx and esophagus (swallowing)
Esophagram/Barium Swallow
posterior to Oral cavity from soft palate to epiglottis (food and air when breathing through mouth)
oropharynx
The stomach has 2 curves
Greater and Lesser
produce and secrete saliva to break down starch and fat (not in mouth; empty into mouth via ducts)
Salivary Gland
1 radiopaque contrast agent is used (Barium or water-soluble Iodinated)
Single contrast study
______provides better demonstrates the esophagus because it falls between heart and vertebral column
RAO
muscular tube from C5/C6 to the stomach (T11); ¾” x 10”; posterior to trachea and anterior to T-spine;
Esophagus
The lining of the stomach has longitudinal folds called
Rugae
flips up during swallowing and prevents food from entering nasal cavity (nasopharynx)
Uvula
1 radiopaque contrast (Barium or water-soluble iodinated) and 1 radiolucent contrast (room air or carbon dioxide gas crystals) are both used
double contrast study
Use _________ kV to increase visibility of Barium filled structures
100-125
hole in diaphragm where esophagus passes through can open wider and allow stomach to bulge through
hiatal hernia
“C-shaped” proximal portion of small intestine
Duodenum
chewing (mechanical digestion)
mastication
How long should a patient be NPO for an UGI?
8 hours
Where do we center for a Lateral Esophagram?
T6
he esophagus is called the “Cardiac Antrum” (cavity or chamber) once it passes through ________
diaphragm
makes and secretes bile to help break down lipids; sends bile to GB for storage
Liver
swallowing
deglutition
How many degrees do we oblique for an RAO?
40-70 degrees
How much do we oblique the patient for an RAO?
35-40 degrees
“J” – shaped reservoir for swallowed food
stomach
semi-fluid mass of churned food and stomach fluid
Chyme