Phase Change 1
solid to liquid
Melting
liquid to solid
Freezing
gas to liquid
Condensation
liquid to gas
evaporation
What is a substance that can flow and therefore take the shape of its container?
A fluid
What are the 3 phases?
Solid, liquid and gas
Solid
When molecules are moving away from each other, which phase are they in?
Gas
When the temperature decreases the kinetic energy
decreases/gets colder
Is heat a reactant or a product in an endothermic reaction?
A reactant (heat is absorbed)
List 2 properties of a liquid that are NOT definite volume & indefinite shape.
Relatively high density, relative incompressibility, ability to diffuse, surface tension.
What is the attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid called?
Capillary action
When molecules are in the solid phase, how are they moving?
They move in place
A different form or state of the same substance/object
Phase
What are the two types of solids?
Crystalline & amorphous solids
When an ice cube melts in water, is energy being transferred into or out of the ice?
Heat from the drink is transferred into the ice cube
When the temperature increases the kinetic energy.....
Increases/gets hotter
How does a puddle go away after the sun comes out?
(Is energy transferred into or out of the puddle? What is the phase change that happens?)
Energy is transferred into the puddle
The puddle evaporates (liquid to gas).
Name 2 of the 4 types of crystalline solids.
Ionic, covalent network, metallic, and covalent molecular
In which state of matter do particles have the most freedom of movement?
Gas
What is a dynamic condition in which two opposing changes occur at equal rates in a closed system?
Equilibrium
A scientist has a liquid at room temperature. He accidentally transfers energy into the liquid, but it does not change phase.
Did the movement of the molecules change?
Yes, their speed increased.
A scientist has a liquid at room temperature with a strong molecular attraction, and she wants to change it's phase. Would it be easier to turn the substance into a solid or a gas?
Solid
Water evaporates at 100°C, but oxygen evaporates at -183°C.
Which substance has a stronger molecular attraction?
Water
Scientists have 2 substances. Both substances are at room temperature. After transferring energy into both of the substances, "Substance 1" changed phase, but "Substance 2" did not.
Which substance has a weaker molecular attraction?
Substance 1