Crusade
Holy War
Crusade
Farmers could grow crops on two-thirds of their land each year, not just on half of it.
3 Field System
A Germanic people who lived near the Rhine River and eventually conquered large parts of Gaul following the decline of Rome
Franks
How many Crusades did we learn about, what were the purpose for the Christian Crusades, and ultimately were they successful (explain the last one) (3 points)
4 Crusades
The original purpose was for the Christians to reclaim the holy land (Jerusalem) and other cities for the Christian kingdom
Ultimately they were not successful. Even today the majority of the land remains under Islamic control.
The act of selling church offices and roles or sacred things.
Simony
An organization of individuals in the same business or occupation working to improve the economic and social conditions of its members.
Guild
Religious communities
Monasteries
What were the two sides of the 100 years war, what were they fighting for, and following the end of the 100 Years War, how were each of the monarchies affected? (3 points)
-England and France
-England was trying to maintain control of their land in modern day France. France was trying to capture that land to unite the rest of their Kingdom
-England ultimately lost which weakened the power of the English monarchy. France won which resulted in the strengthening of their monarchy
Medieval period that spanned the years from about 500 to 1500.
Middle Ages
The lord’s estate.
Manor
A complex set of ideals, demanded that a knight fight bravely in defense of three masters.
Chivalry
Where did the Bubonic Plague start and roughly how many people died? (2 points)
The Bubonic Plague started in China and roughly ⅓ of the entire world population perished during that time in the mid 13th century
The Pope who is most notably known for initiating the First Crusade by delivering a powerful speech at the Council of Clermont in 1095, effectively calling for Christian military expeditions to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control
Pope Urban II
The practice of secular rulers, like kings or nobles, appointing religious officials like bishops to church positions.
Lay Investiture
The Magna Carta is similar to what in the United States and Parliament and the Estates-General is similar to what in the United States? (2 points)
The Magna Carta is similar to the Constitution and or the Bill of Rights here in the United States because it helps to protect the rights of its citizens.
Parliament and the Estates-General is similar to Congress here in the US. Each of these assemblies work on legislation in their own respective countries.
Prominent Muslim leader, specifically the Sultan of Egypt and Syria during the 12th century, most famous for reclaiming Jerusalem from the Crusader forces and becoming a symbol of Muslim unity against the Christian crusaders
Saladin
Preached that Jesus Christ, not the pope, was the true head of the Church.
John Wycliffe
List the Feudal System in the correct order.
King - Owns the Kingdom
Lord - Is known as a vassal. Receives land from the king and manages the land
Knight - Protects the land / manor that he lives on
Peasants - Work on the land