North & South Differences
Antebellum is Latin for what?
before the war
What is the name of the network that helped runaway slaves escape the South to go to the North?
Underground Railroad
(After the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, the runaway slaves had to escape up to Canada)
In 1854, anti-slavery groups formed a new political party, what is it called?
Republican Party
(their first presidential candidate was John C. Fremont)
What were the group of Southern people called in 1860 who threatened to secede from the Union if Republicans won the next election?
Fire-eaters
After Fort Sumter fell to the Confederates, President Lincoln called for what?
75,000 volunteer troops
In the Northern states, they believed that the Constitution created the federal government. In the South, however, they believed that ___________ created the federal government.
States
What is the name of the crossing of the Atlantic Ocean that African slaves were forced to endure to get to the U.S.?
Middle Passage
The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed the Kansas and Nebraska territory citizens popular sovereignty on slavery. What does that mean?
The citizens got to vote whether they would be a free or slave state.
Which Presidential candidate in 1860 believed that slavery was a moral evil and would oppose its spread, but he also pledged he would he would not interfere where it already existed?
Abraham Lincoln
How long was the Confederate bombardment of Fort Sumter until the Union officer, Maj Robert Anderson, surrendered the fort?
40 hours of continuous bombardment
What term did the Southerns call immigrants who moved to the North who labored for low pay and long work hours, and were also in poor work and living conditions?
Wage slaves
Slaves feared being sold "down the river". What did that mean?
They would be sold to sugarcane plantations where the work was more brutal and would sometimes be worked to death.
What abolitionist book angered Southern slaveholders due to its negative portrayal of them and how they treated their slaves?
Uncle Tom's Cabin, written by Harriet Beecher Stowe
South Carolina was the first state to secede from the Union, followed by Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. What event made them leave the U.S.?
Lincoln was elected President in 1860.
The North was losing valuable forts in the South to the Confederates, so Lincoln vowed he would keep the last remaining two under his control. One was Fort Sumter, in Charleston S.C., what is the other fort?
Fort Pickens, Pensacola, FL
The South believed in the contract theory, meaning, that the states entered the Union under a contract (Constitution) and that they could nullify federal laws, state sovereignty is superior to federal sovereignty, and that they could secede from the Union.
Which Constitutional Amendment did the South base their view on?
10th Amendment
In what year did the U.S. government ban the foreign slave trade pursuant to Article I, Section 9, of the Constitution?
1808
John Brown attacked the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry in hopes of starting what?
He wanted to start a slave revolt
The Confederate States of America was created by radical Southerners, so for its 1st president, they elected a moderate person named
Jefferson Davis
Why did President Lincoln declare martial law and suspend habeas corpus in Maryland to prevent them from seceding?
Virginia had already seceded, if Maryland left the Union too, Washington D.C. would be within Confederate territory.
Why did the South oppose tariffs?
Since their economy was agriculturally based, they imported a lot of products, which they would pay the import taxes on. Those tax dollars would then go to to the North for internal improvements
How was slavery different in Greco-Roman times?
Some slavery was brutal (in the mines, galleys, and more POWs), but most slaves could hold important positions, earn money, own property, and buy their freedom.
The Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) determined two things. What were they?
The majority opinion said that blacks have no rights that the white man is bound to respect, meaning that no blacks can be citizens. It also determined that the Missouri Compromise and popular sovereignty was unconstitutional because it deprived citizens of their property (slaves).
During the presidential Election of 1860, which Democratic candidate's adopted the findings of the Dred Scott decision as their platform?
John C. Breckinridge
Despite the South having little hope to win the war against the better armed and supplied North, what was the South's strategy to win the war?
Wage a defensive war and outlast the North's will to fight