What did people call rugged fur traders and explorers like Jedediah Smith and Jim Beckwourth?
mountain men
100
After Joseph Smith was killed by a mob in 1844, _______________ became the new leader of the Mormons.
Brigham Young
100
After a Mexican army overran a small Texan force in the __________________, the rebelling
Texans became even more determined to win independence from Mexico.
Battle of the Alamo
100
He invaded Mexico from the north and defeated a Mexican army in a bloody battle near Buena Vista.
Zachary Taylor
100
Who were the Californios?
Californians of Mexican or Spanish descent
200
By following the path blazed by _______________, settlers crossed the mountains through South Pass and traveled on to Oregon and California.
Jedediah Smith
200
In the 1820s, ________________ fulfilled his dead father's dream by settling a group of Americans in Texas.
Stephen Austin
200
What nickname did Texans adopt for Texas after they declared it to be an independent nation?
Lone Star Republic
200
This freed California from Mexican rule.
Bear Flag Revolt
200
People who went to California during the gold rush were known as
forty-niners
300
Some merchants who followed _______________ made large profits trading with people who lived in territory governed by Mexico.
the Santa Fe Trail
300
As more and more Americans settled in Texas, Mexico's president ________________ grew determined to bring the region under tighter Mexican control.
Antonio López de Santa Anna
300
Who commanded the Texas army and was president of the Texas Republic?
Sam Houston
300
His army landed at Veracruz, Mexico, and advanced overland to capture Mexico City.
Winfield Scott
300
In California in the 1840s, Mariano Vallejo was
a Californio who owned thousands of acres of land
400
By what route did hundreds of farmers and missionaries travel to the Far West?
the Oregon Trail
400
When rebellious Texans seized the Alamo, a band of 25 Tejanos led by ________________ joined the revolt.
Juan Sequin
400
What phrase did Americans use to explain their expansion westward?
manifest destiny
400
What agreement marked the end of the War with Mexico?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
400
What group mostly populated California before the forty-niners arrived?
Native Americans
500
What group of Americans sought religious freedom in the West?
Mormons
500
________________, a commander at the Alamo, refused to surrender to the Mexican army.
William Travis
500
He sent troops into a region claimed by both the United States and Mexico.
James K. Polk
500
What was the land called that the United States acquired from Mexico?
Mexican Cession
500
Which two men are most closely linked to the discovery of gold in California?