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Which battle was considered the high tide of the Confederacy, the point at which the Confederate army was last a major presence in the North?
the Battle of Gettysburg
__________ was created in 1861 to improve the medical services and treatment for sick and wounded Union soldiers during the war.
The United States Sanitary Commission
What factor contributed to the shift in opinions about slavery and emancipation in the North?
Enslaved people in the South served as spies and guides for U.S. troops, and ordinary soldiers began to develop a hatred for slavery.
the main union army led by a series of generals until ulysses s. grant took command in 1863 and led it to the final victory in 1865.
army of the potomac
What was McClellan’s strategy in the Peninsular Campaign of 1862?
to capture the Confederate capital, Richmond
Which of the following could be considered a tactical factor that resulted in the high death toll of the Civil War?
Both Grant and Lee shifted from limited war to a long, drawn-out war of attrition.
Where was the first major battle of the Civil War?
the First Battle of Bull Run, or what Southerners called the Battle of Manassas
In what ways did the political structure of the Confederate government exacerbate its economic woes?
The Confederate government’s opposition to federal taxes and tariffs meant that it was difficult to raise funds needed to support the war.
in 1862, union army general mcclellan began a campaign to take richmond, virginia, and end the war. he attacked via a peninsula south of richmond-hence the name-but never succeeded in his quest.
peninsular campaign of 1862
Which antebellum reformer organized three thousand Northern women volunteers to serve as nurses?
Dorothea Dix
How did the authorization of greenback bank notes affect the monetary system?
The declaration that greenbacks were legal tender enabled a solid monetary system that outlasted the war.
__________ was created by Congress during the Civil War to collect federal taxes in support of the war.
The Internal Revenue Service
How did the Civil War produce a shift in roles for women?
Women on both sides cared for the sick and wounded, filling nurses’ roles that had previously been taken by men.
decree announced by president abraham lincoln formally issued on january 1, 1863, freeing slaves in all confederate states still in rebellion.
emancipation proclamation
What did the Richmond Enquirer mean when it stated that “[under a Republican administration] the ruin of Virginia will be fully and fatally accomplished as though bloodshed and rapine had ravished the land”?
Lincoln could not be trusted to keep his initial word about having no inclination of abolishing slavery where it already existed.
What was Lincoln’s initial official position regarding the reason for fighting the war?
Lincoln said that his “paramount object” was to save the Union, not to destroy slavery.
What military tactic used by George Washington during the American Revolution did Jefferson Davis adopt as a goal for the Confederacy at the beginning of the Civil War?
Simply survive and fight a defensive war to outlast the Union.
What was the Montgomery Daily Advertiser describing when it wrote that “the surface of society, like a great ocean, is upheaved, and all the relations of life are disturbed and out of joint”?
Southern white women had to adjust to a war-torn society where they were no longer seen as being fragile and delicate.
a system that began when the followers and supporters of andrew jackson created the democratic party as a political party and jackson's opponents organized the whig party in response.
second party system
How did the South seek to prevent the success of the Anaconda Plan?
The South sent fast-running ships to pierce the Union blockade and continued to make contact with the outside world.
How did the New York City draft riots reveal racial and class tensions that existed during the war?
Mobs attacked the draft offices and then turned on black neighborhoods, beating and killing over one hundred people.
Which military victory helped give Lincoln the support he needed, psychologically and politically, to win the 1864 presidential election over George McClellan?
Atlanta
Why was Corinth, Mississippi, such an important target for the Union army under General Grant’s command?
Corinth was a major hub where various Confederate railway lines intersected.
while a candidate for the republican presidential nomination, lincoln had given a speech at cooper union in february 1860 in which he said that, while he had no interest in interfering with slavery where it existed, he would do everything he could to block the spread of slavery anywhere.
cooper union address
Why did Southern white women face greater obstacles than their Northern counterparts when it came to caring for the wounded?
White women in the South had to overcome the cultural misconception that they needed constant protection, so the thought of hospital work and close contact with male bodies was seen as beneath them.