Where Hemostasis Part I
Disruption of platelet plug formation
What is von Willibrand Disease?
Measures intrinsic pathway
What is aPTT?
indicates prolonged clotting of the intrinsic pathway
What is an elevated aPTT
Indicates recent coagulation and clot degradation, as may occur with disseminated intravascular coagulation.
What is elevated fibrin degradation products?
Presence of antibodies occurs in immune thrombocytopenic purpura leading to destruction of platelets.
What are antiplatelet antibodies?
Genetic deficiency of clotting factor VIII
What is hemophilia A?
Genetic deficiency of clotting factor IX
What is hemophilia B?
a measurement of fibrin degradation; levels may be elevated in response to recent clotting and degradation of clots
What is elevated D-dimer?
Indicates prolonged clotting of the extrinsic pathway.
What is an elevated prothrombin time (PT)?
Presence of ________________ can indicate antiphospholipid syndrome, although the role of the antibodies is unclear. The presence of the antibodies increases the risk of multiple clot formation.
What are antiphospholipid antibodies?
Vessel injury
What initiates the intrinsic pathway?
Destruction of platelets
What is immune thombocytopenic purpura?
a standardized measurement of PT, which measures extrinsic pathway clotting time. It is used to evaluate effectiveness of certain anticoagulation medications. An elevated value is the goal of some forms of anticoagulation therapy.
What is the INR?
________________ is reduced level of platelets and may prolong clotting time.
What is thrombocytopenia?
Toxins produced by certain strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli O157:H7) are a trigger for endothelial damage and an associated condition called__________?
What is hemolytic-uremic syndrome? Characterized by acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia
Injury outside of vessel
What is the extrinsic pathway?
“clot bluster”
What is tissue plasminogen activator?
___________ is needed for platelet aggregation. A decreased level increases the risk of bleeding.
What is Von Willebrand Factor?
_____________ is required for coagulation; reduced levels may indicate decreased production of _________ or increased utilization of __________ by clot formation.
What is fibrinogen?
More than 1,500 medications are associated with this platelet disorder?
What is drug-induced thrombocytopenic purpura?
Measures extrinsic pathway
What is the PT/INR?
Genetic disorder with deficiency or defect of von Willebrand factor
What is von Willebrand disease?
Is involved in the coagulation pathway. Decreased activity is associated with hemophilia A.
What is decreased Factor VIII activity?
_____________ indicates elevated levels of platelets; _____________ may increase the risk for clot formation. ____________ may also increase the risk for bleeding if formed platelets are defective.
What is thrombocytosis?
A disorder of both clot formation and bleeding episodes in critically ill patients.
What is disseminated vascular coagulation?