Vocabulary
What is a joint?
A place in the body where two or more bones meet.
What are gliding joints and where can you find them?
Gliding joints allow bones to glide over each other.
They are found in wrists and ankles.
How many bones are there in our bodies?
206!
What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?
Voluntary muscles are ones that we can control.
Involuntary muscles move without our control.
What is cardiac muscle?
This is the muscle that makes up the heart.
What are ball and socket joints, and where can you find them?
Ball and socket joints allow for universal movement.
We can find them in the shoulders and hips.
What is the difference between tendons and ligaments.
Tendons are type of tissue that connects muscles to bones or other muscles.
Ligaments are a type of tissue that holds bones together at a joint.
What is skeletal muscle?
Is it involuntary or voluntary?
What does it look like?
Give an example of one skeletal muscle.
Skeletal muscle is the muscle that is attached to your skeleton.
Skeletal muscle is voluntary, and striated (striped).
Bicep.
What is a fracture?
A break or crack in the bone.
What are pivotal joints and where can we find them?
Pivotal joints allow the body move from side to side.
We can find them in our neck.
What is a periosteum?
A strong membrane that surrounds all bone.
It has many blood vessels that pass through it, and the blood supplies living bone with nutrients and oxygen.
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What is smooth muscle?
Is it involuntary or voluntary?
What does it look like?
Give an example of one skeletal muscle.
Smooth muscles are muscles that are mostly found inside our torso.
They are all involuntary.
Smooth muscle looks more jumbled than skeletal. It is not striated (striped), and the nucleus of each cell is visible.
They are found in blood vessels and in the intestine.
What are the two types of fractures?
Closed fracture: Doesn't break the skin.
Open fracture: The bone breaks through the skin.
What are hinge joints and where can we find them?
Hinge joints allow for movement in only two directions, back and forth.
We can find them in the elbows and knees.
What is the difference between compact and spongy bone?
Compact bone is the hardest part of the bone. It is made up of living bone cells and the mineral calcium.
Spongy bone is made up of many tiny spaces, like a sponge!
Although it is softer than compact bone, spongy bone is quite strong. The spaces form a support structure that is lightweight and strong.
Spongy bone provides support to areas in bones where there is great pressure and stress.
What is cardiac muscle?
Is it involuntary or voluntary?
Cardiac muscle is found in the heart.
It is involuntary, and works constantly.
What is bone marrow?
The soft tissue inside bones that makes red blood cells.
What are immovable joints and where can we find them?
Immovable joints are joints between two or more bones, but they do not move at all.
We find them in the skull.
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What are the five main functions of bones?
They support your body and give your body shape.
They protect many organs inside your body – your skull protects your brain.
Many bones work with muscles to help your body move.
Some bones make blood cells. These bones have soft tissue called marrow inside them that makes blood cells.
Bones store minerals such as calcium and phosphorous.
What is the difference between red and yellow bone marrow?
Red marrow actively makes red blood cells.
Yellow marrow is not active, it can be found in the middle of long bones, and is mostly made of fat cells.