electric charge
the condition of an object when it has an imbalance of electric charge
static electricity
type of material allows electric charge to flow easily
conductor
leyden jar
this force can attract or repel depending on the charges involved
electrostatic force
touching metal before using electronics helps prevent this
static discharge (shock)
objects with the same type of charge will do this
repel
a material with properties between a conductor and insulator
semiconductor
measured the charge of an electron using oil drops
Robert Millikan
this law states force is proportional to charge and inversely proportional to distance squared
Coulomb's law
this device detects the presence of electric charge using moving leaves
electroscope
this subatomic particle carries a negative charge
electron
in these materials, electrons are tightly bonded and do not move freely
insulators
this scientist discovered the electron
J J thomson
If distance doubles, electrostatic force changed by this factor
1/4
A car protects passengers from lightning due to this effect
faraday cage
charging by direct contact is called
conduction
charging without touching an object is callled
induction
this early idea suggested two types of "electric fluid"
Du Fay's theory
Unlike electrostatic force, this force is always attractive
gravitational force
When electrons move to the leaves of an electroscope, they do this
spread apart due to repulsion
the smallest unit of electric charge
elementary charge
in conductors, these particles move freely and carry charge
electrons
He believed electricity involved a single fluid and introduced positive/negative labels
Benjamin Franklin
Doubling one charge while halving the other results in what net change in force.
no change
This effect explains why charges disappear faster in humid air
charge leakage due to moisture conductivity