This molecule is transported from the blood into the capillaries in the lungs, where it is released from the blood, diffuses into the alveoli, and is then exhaled.
What is carbon dioxide.
100
What is a condition that occurs when the pleura is inflamed, which makes breathing painful and difficult, and results in an accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity?
What is pleuritis.
100
This structure closes over the trachea when you swallow to prevent the food going into the trachea (to prevent choking).
What is the epiglottis.
200
The anatomical term for "throat."
What is the pharynx.
200
This is commonly called the voice box.
What is the larynx
200
Chemoreceptors in the medulla oblongata are sensitive to changes in what?
Carbon dioxide and hydrogen ion concentration in the blood.
200
This is a form of COPD that is often caused by smoking, in which the alveoli are overinflated and air gets trapped in the air sacs, making it difficult to exhale.
What is emphysema.
200
The tiny air sacs in the lungs are called this.
What is alveoli.
300
The component in a red blood cell that carries oxygen and delivers oxygen to the tissues.
What is hemoglobin.
300
Each lung is enclosed by a double-layered serous membrane, called the __________.
What is the pleura.
300
Receptors that are sensitive to changes in oxygen levels are located in which two places?
What is the aortic and carotid bodies?
300
Medical term for sore throat.
What is pharyngitis.
300
"Normal" amount of breaths per minute.
What is 15-20 in adults. (Twice as fast in young children).
400
This term means "difficulty breathing"
What is dyspnea
400
These are hairlike projections on the surface of some cells.
What are cilia.
400
This is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lungs, and the blood in the surrounding capillaries.
What is external respiration.
400
When in an infant is born with premature lungs, they are lacking this phospholipid that assists in gas exchange in the alveoli and contributes to the elasticity of the pulmonary tissue. It prevents the lungs and pleura from sticking together so the lungs stay inflated.
What is surfactant.
400
This condition is when the smooth muscles of the bronchi and bronchioles spasm to cause labored breathing. Can be brought on by allergies, stress, exercise, infections, etc.
What is asthma.
500
This term means low oxygen
What is hypoxia
500
Which part of the brain is the respiratory center located?
What is the brain stem (specifically, a group of neurons in the pons and medulla oblongata).
500
This is the exchange of gases between the tissue cells and the blood in the tissue capillaries.
What is internal respiration.
500
This is caused when there is an accumulation of air in the pleural cavity.
What is pneumothorax.
500
Infection or inflammation of the alveoli, resulting in the alveoli filling with fluid, dead white cells, and pus.