Key Terms
Define drug
a single chemical substance in a medicine that alters one or more of the body's biological functions
was originally created for animal anesthetic
PCP
taken orally or injected to promote skeletal muscle ad increase body mass. synthetic derivatives of male hormone testostrone
anabolic steroids
what does DTCA stand for
direct-to-consumer advertising
list some characteristics of drug abuse
compulsive use, increased tolerance, continued substance use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems, etc.
Define pharmacogentics
tailoring drugs to a particular individual to match his or her biology
obtained from the leaves of the coca shrub, Erythroxylum coca, and have been chewed to obtain moderate stimulant effect
cocaine
vaporize easily and produce depressant effects similar to alcohol
inhalants
Step 1 of the FDA approval process of a new prescription drug
preclinical testing: drug undergoes laboratory and animal testing to evaluate safety
ecstasy also known as... (another name)
MDMA
Define lifestyle drugs
drugs prescribed for conditions that arise from certain living habits or from the natural process of healing
used medically to treat narcolepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
amphetamines
from plant cannabis sativa and produces euphoria, sense of relaxation and mood elevation
Step 2 of the FDA approval process of a new prescription drug
Investigational New Drug Application (IND): following successful preclinical testing, the drug developer submits an IND. This will include results of the preclinical studies and proposal for human clinical trials
list 3 club drugs
ecstasy, GHB, ketamine, rohypnol
Define psychoactive drugs
any substance that primarily alters mood, perceptin, and other brain functions
does not occur naturally in plants and increases levels of neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain
ecstasy
powerful tranquilizer that reduces anxiety, inhibition, and muscle tension
rohypnol
Step 4 of the FDA approval process of a new prescription drug
After successful clinical trials, the drug manufacturer submits an NDA to the FDA for a formal review. If the FDA approves, the drug can be marketed to the public.
about 60 mg/kg
Define direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA)
the marketing of a prescription drugs to consumers to stimulate demand for a drug
schedule I drug that is known for being "slipped" into an unsuspecting person's drink
GHB
generally ingested orally as a white powder and at high doses, it can produce muscular rigidity, bizarre behavior, psychosis, and social withdrawal
ketamine
Step 3 of the FDA approval process of a new prescription drug
Clinical trials: This phase is split into three stages—Phase I (test the drug’s safety and dosage on a small group of people), Phase II (more participants to assess the drug's effectiveness), and Phase III (even larger groups to confirm effectiveness and monitor side effects).
about how many million Americans are believed to use prescription opiates illegally
7 million