Darwin's Theory of Evolution
Evidence of evolution
populations and genetics
Types of selection
Random
100
This is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce.
Natural selection or survival of the fittest
100
Structures like bat wings and human arms that share a common ancestor.
homologous structures
100
The full set of genes in a population.
gene pool
100
When the environment favors one extreme trait.
Directional selection
100
This famous ship carried Darwin around the world.
HMS Beagle
200
Humans breeding cows for more milk is an example of this process
Artificial selection
200
Body parts that no longer have a major function, like whale pelvis bones.
Vestigial structures
200
A change in allele frequencies over time means the population is doing this.
evolving
200
When both extremes are favored and middle is selected against.
Disruptive/diversifying selection
200
A group of the same species living in one area.
Population
300
Traits that help an organism survive in its environment are called _____________.
Adaptations
300
If an organism shares similar DNA to another organism than they share a common ancestor.
TRUE OR FALSE
True
300
Random change in allele frequency is called this.
genetic drift
300
When average traits are favored.
Stabilizing selection
300
If no evolution is happening, a population is said to be in this state.
Genetic equilibrium
400
The finches on the Galapagos have different....
Beaks
400
Darwin found fossils of extinct armadillos that looked different but similar to species living today. What evidence was this?
species vary over time
400
Two types of genetic drift
Bottleneck and founder's effect
400
A flood randomly kills most of a population—this is an example of which genetic drift?
Bottleneck effect
400
Draw a disruptive/diversifying stabilizing graph
500
This is an adaptation when one species looks like another species to gain protection from predators.
Mimicry
500
an insect wing and butterfly wing are examples of _____ structures because they share a similar function but different structure
analogous
500
A population in equilibrium is not evolving because these conditions are met (name one).
No mutation, no selection, large population, no migration, random mating
500
Differences in survival based on inherited traits is called this.
fitness
500
This is the process where organisms with helpful traits survive and reproduce more successfully.
natural selection or survival of the fittest