Laws & Amendments
Which amendment outlawed slavery in the United States?
13th Amendment
Which president proposed the Ten Percent Plan, requiring only ten percent of voters in former Confederate states to swear an oath of loyalty to the Union?
President Abraham Lincoln
What did most Republicans (moderate and Radical) want?
Loyalty from southern state governments and equal rights for African Americans
Name two things the Freedman's Bureau did to help the newly-freed and the poor in the South.
-established schools
-distributed food
-provided supplies and medical services
-supervised contracts between freedpeople and employers
-took care of lands abandoned/captured during the war
Why was sharecropping largely unsuccesful?
It kept most sharecroppers in a cycle of debt, preventing them from ever owning their own land.
Name one thing the 14th amendment accomplished.
1) defined U.S. citizenship
2) guaranteed "equal protection under the law" to all citizens
3) prevented states from depriving citizens of "life, liberty or property without due process of law"
4) banned former Confederate officials from holding state or federal office
5) made state laws subject to federal review
6) gave Congress the power to pass any laws necessary to enforce the amendment
Which federal official was impeached in 1868 but was acquitted (declared innocent) by just one vote?
President Andrew Johnson
Which president was known as the "veto president" because of the many Reconstruction bills he vetoed?
President Andrew Johnson
Why was education so important to newly-freed African Americans?
They hoped it would help them understand/protect their rights, and enable them to find better jobs.
What was the South's most important cash crop?
Cotton
Which amendment gave African American men the right to vote?
15th Amendment
Who was arrested for sitting in a "whites only" section of a railroad car and convicted for breaking a Louisiana state law of segregation?
Homer Plessy
Who were the leaders of the Radical Republicans?
Thaddeus Stevens & Charles Sumner
Which secret society used violence and terror to prevent African Americans from exercising their civil rights in the South?
the Ku Klux Klan
-monotonous work (same thing over & over)
-long hours (12 hours a day, 6 days a week)
-cotton dust and lint filled the air, causing health problems (especially in the lungs)
-fast-moving machinery often caused injuries or deaths
-wages were low
Which law passed by Congress organized the South into five districts and placed each under military control until the southern states rejoined the Union?
the Reconstruction Acts
Which African American leader was elected to the U.S. Senate and took the seat formerly occupied by Jefferson Davis?
Hiram Revels
Which law passed by Congress provided African Americans with the same legal rights as whites?
The Civil Rights Act of 1866
Give one example of how the Black Codes limited the rights of African Americans.
-required them to sign work contracts, which created work conditions similar to slaver
-allowed them to be arrested if they did not show proof of employment
-prevented them from owning guns
-prevented them from renting property in cities
Name the group of Democrats who regained control of state governments in the late 1870s? Hint: this group got rid of many state social programs, cut funding for public schools, and limited the rights of African Americans.
Redeemers
Which Supreme Court case declared segregation legal and established the "separate but equal" doctrine?
Plessy v. Ferguson
Which president was elected as a result of the Compromise of 1877, which required him to remove all federal troops from the South?
What did the midterm elections of 1866 do for the Republican Party?
It gave them a 2/3 majority in both the House and the Senate, allowing them easily override any presidential veto.
Give one example of how the voting rights of African Americans were restricted in the South.
-poll taxes
-literacy tests
Which newspaper editor led the New South movement to industrialize the South?
Henry Grady