blood vessels
These tiny blood vessels, which connect arterioles to venules, allow for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues
What are capillaries?
The first Korotkoff sound heard while measuring blood pressure corresponds to this pressure.
What is systolic pressure?
This pressure pulls fluids back into the capillaries, helping to maintain fluid balance during capillary exchange.
What is osmotic pressure?
The factor that increases systemic vascular resistance by causing more friction in the blood vessels.
What is increased blood vessel length?
This hormone increases blood pressure by promoting water retention in the kidneys.
What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
These vessels regulate blood flow into capillaries through vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
What are arterioles?
Baroreceptors that detect changes in blood pressure are located in these areas.
What are the walls of the carotid sinus and aorta?
This type of capillary, found in the blood-brain barrier, is the least permeable.
What are continuous capillaries?
These vessels, which return deoxygenated blood to the heart, help control blood pressure and flow to organs.
What are veins?
This condition occurs when there is inadequate blood flow, causing the vessels not to fill and blood not circulating normally.
What is shock?
This type of blood vessel holds about 60% of the body's blood volume at rest.
What are veins?
This factor would directly lead to an increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP).
What is increased blood volume?
This circulatory pathway filters blood from the digestive organs through the liver before reaching the heart.
What is the hepatic portal circulation?
This response happens when veins constrict to help increase venous return to the heart.
What is venous vasoconstriction?
This mechanism involves the narrowing of blood vessels to increase vascular resistance and raise blood pressure, typically in response to low blood volume or cold temperatures.
What is vasoconstriction?
This structural adaptation in veins helps return blood to the heart.
What are valves?
This phenomenon helps push fluids from blood vessels into surrounding tissues during capillary exchange.
What is hydrostatic pressure?
This type of capillary is found in the kidneys and intestines, known for its slightly larger openings (hint: looks like a saltine cracker).
What are fenestrated capillaries?
These sensors detect changes in blood chemistry and pressure, sending signals to the cardiovascular center to help regulate blood flow.
What are chemoreceptors and baroreceptors?
This type of nervous system output decreases heart rate to help lower blood pressure.
What is parasympathetic output?
This type of capillary is found in the liver and bone marrow, where large molecules and cells can pass through.
What are sinusoidal capillaries?
These two arteries, located near the groin and behind the knee, are often used to check for a pulse in the lower body.
What are the femoral and popliteal arteries?
This process, which relies on pressure differences, moves fluids between blood and tissues during capillary exchange.
What is bulk flow?
This condition is caused by weak or damaged valves in the veins, leading to blood pooling and causing the veins to enlarge and twist.
What are varicose veins?
This part of the brain regulates blood pressure by adjusting heart rate, contractility, and vessel diameter.
What is the cardiovascular center in the medulla oblongata?