How did the Crusades start AND what did Pope Urban II offer to Europeans who fought in them?
100
What was the Black Death? (not how it was spread)
A very deadly plague that spread from Asia across Europe.
100
What was the Hundred Years' War?
a war between England and France over French lands.
200
A disease that spreads quickly and kills many
Plague
200
The system, spirit, or customs of medieval knighthood
Chivalry
200
What were the Crusades?
A series of holy wars against the Muslims
200
How was the Black Death spread?
Fleas carried the bacteria, rats carried the fleas, and rats would be transported on ships and traveling caravans.
200
Where did the Franks settle?
in an area that is now known as France
300
European holy war against the Muslims
Crusades
300
Hostility towards or discrimination against Jews
Anti-Semitism
300
When did the Muslims recapture the Holy Land?
the 2nd crusade
300
How many people died from the Black Death?
(Asia and Europe)
Asia: 40-60 million, Europe: 19-38 million people
300
The word "viking" comes from their word for _____________
raiding
400
Everyday spoken language of a region
Vernacular
400
a group of citizens who decided whether an accused person is innocent or guilty
Trial jury
400
What were the Crusades effect on feudalism?
It weakened feudalism. Nobles who joined the Crusades sold their lands and freed their serfs. This reduced their power and allowed kings to build stronger central governments.
400
Who did Europeans blame for the plague?
God and the Jews
400
In Medieval Europe, who was often forbidden to own land?
The Jews
500
Frankish emperor in the 800s
Charlemagne
500
charter that limited the King of England's power and granted citizen's rights
The Magna Carta
500
What knew knowledge did Europeans gain after the Crusades?
They learned how to build domes and mosaics. They discovered how to build better ships and make more accurate maps. They learned how to use a compass. Demand for Middle Eastern goods rose.
500
What effects did the Black Death have on Europe?
Negatively effected the economy. Wages rose while food prices dropped. Weakened feudalism, because peasants began to pay rent instead of providing services and they gained more rights.
500
Ferdinand and Isabella directed whom to torture and kill thousands of people for their religious beliefs?