Environmental Policy
True or False: Harm to the environment can harm economies
True
If one nation's laws make it impossible for another nation to sell its goods there, which organization is most likely to get involved?
the World Trade Organization
A comparison between what is sacrificed and gained by a specific action
cost-benefit analysis
Which agreement led to the reduced release of chemicals that harm the ozone layer?
Montreal Protocol
If a nonrenewable resource such as oil suddenly became scarce while demand remained constant,
the equilibrium price would increase
In making environmental policies, the government interacts with who?
organizations, businesses, citizens
In the U.S., laws enacted from the 1780s to the late 1800s reflected the perception that
The amount of land and natural resources in the West was endless.
"Energy Star," "USDA Organic," and "Fair Trade Certified" are all examples of
ecolabelling
Water pollution from factories in Tijuana, Mexico, caused beach closures in San Diego, California, that hurt the local economy. Because the pollution did not directly affect the buyers or sellers of factory products, losses due to the pollution are considered ___________ costs.
internal
The sun's energy, fresh water, trees, rocks, and fossil fuels are all examples of
natural resources.
True/False: The main goal of environmental policy is to protect the rights of businesses.
False: ensure that resources are shared fairly
Headquartered in New York City, the 197 member nations of the following organization work together to promote peace and to help solve economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems.
United Nations
____________ is the study of how resources are converted into goods and services and how these goods and services are distributed and used.
economics
Which federal government creation led to the use of Environmental Impact Statements?
National Environmental Policy Act
________________________ involves efforts to influence an elected official into supporting a specific interest.
lobbying
What is the order of the Environmental Policy process?
identify a problem, identify causes, envision a solution, get organized, gain access, help a solution become a policy.
What agencies monitor the enforcement of laws?
executive branch
The field of ___________ economics applies the principles of Earth's systems, such as a balance of inputs and outputs, to economics.
environmental
A law that prohibits dumping wastes into the ocean and punishes people who dump wastes demonstrates which approach to environmental policy?
command-and-control
A producer will raise the price and supply of a product when the
demand is high
During which part of the environmental policy process is lobbying used?
gaining access
True/False: Cities that have experienced and dealt with the impact of messy environmental cleanups have strong environmental policies.
True
When a government gives cash to an industry to support an activity of the industry, this is known as...
a subsidy.
Producing effective environmental policy requires input from
ethics, economics, and science
Services provided by Earth's systems are said to have _________ values—values not usually included in the price of a good or service.
non-market