Ch 25-1
age and ratio of adipose CT to skeletal muscle tissue
Five categories of fluid imbalances
volume depletion
volume excess
dehydration
hypotonic hydration
fluid sequestration
aldosterone
stimulates both Na+ and water reabsorption in the kidney
The gastrointestinal tract is also called...
digestive tract or alimentary canal
Nucleic acid digestion occurs where?
Small intestine
20%
75%
Examples of conditions that result in fluid volume depletion
severe burns
chronic vomiting
diarrhea
hyposecretion of aldosterone
hemmorrhaging
ADH
stimulates water reabsorption in the kidney
What does lactase digest?
Lactose to glucose to galactose
Food, drink, and saliva enter the __ daily and generally spend between __ and __ hours there.
stomach
2 and 6
Significant difference between interstitial fluid and blood plasma
Protein is in blood plasma (very little in IF)
extreme hypotonic hydration
Aldosterone is released from where?
the adrenal cortex
Where does the central vein drain blood flow from?
lobule
Inactivation of salivary amylase typically occurs within __ to __ minutes after the bolus enters the stomach.
15 to 20
Two categories of fluid intake
Ingested water, metabolic water
The breakdown of the nucleotides is accomplished by
brush border enzymes embedded in the epithelial lining of the small intestine
What does atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) decrease?
Peripheral Resistance
Blood Volume
Blood Pressure
When gluten is consumed by somebody with Celiac disease, what occurs?
an immune response is stimulated and damages the villi of the small intestine, which interferes with absorption.
~8-9 liters
When water leavers your GI tract to enter your blood and become blood plasma, what happens to the plasma osmolarity?
increases
Where is the phosphate buffering system found?
within intracellular fluid
Diabetes insipidus results from either...
The GI Tracts forms a continuous tube that includes:
The mouth, throat, esophogus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
What transports B12 and why?