Earth's Spheres
Name the 4 spheres of Earth
What is geo, hydro, atmo, and biospheres?
In an environment, rocks, air, and sunlight are examples of this
What is abiotic?
A food _____ is one component of a larger, more complex food ______.
What is chain, web?
Name for cycle where Earth's water is collected, purified, and distributed
What is hydrologic cycle?
Term for solar energy reflected from Earth's surface and interacting with water vapor and greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
What is greenhouse effect?
Parts of atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere where life exists
What is biosphere?
Carbon dioxide + water + light --> oxygen + glucose
What is photosynthesis?
Plants are this trophic level
What is producer? **Will also accept primary producer, first trophic level, primary trophic level
What is: water evaporates, condenses into clouds, precipitates, repeat
What is ecology?
Name one thing the geosphere contains that humans/life use (Double your points if you name 3 things)
What are nutrients, nonrenewable resources, minerals, resources? **Will accept any of those
_____ respiration uses oxygen, while ______ is done without oxygen
What is aerobic, anaerobic?
This type of consumer eats meat and plants
What is an omnivore?
Name one way humans affect nutrient cycles (DOUBLE your points if you name 3 ways)
What is runoff, mining, burning fossil fuels, global warming (forest fires), extracting freshwater, clearing vegetation, urbanization....?
Name 1 way scientists directly study ecosystems (DOUBLE your points if you name 1 way scientists indirectly study ecosystems)
What is: direct observations/experiments, GPS tracking, cameras, GIS mapping ; lab experiments, modeling?
% of water available as freshwater
What is 3?
Rank these from most specific to most broad: Ecosystem, Population, Organism, Community
What is organism, population, community, ecosystem?
This % of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next
____ cycles through rocks, soil, water, life, but not the atmosphere
What is phosphorus?
This atmospheric element can't be used directly by organisms; bacteria break it down so plants can absorb it and it can enter the food web
What is nitrogen?
Ecosystem service(s) the atmosphere provides
What is protection from meteors, blocks UV rays, regulates climate? **Will accept any of those
An ecosystem with high NPP
What is rainforest? **Will accept productive parts of ocean or forest
Consumer that feeds on freshly dead organisms, before they're decomposed
What are detritivores?
Describe how carbon is cycled through the biosphere
What is: photosynthesis, aerobic respiration, marine sediments?
Identify trophic level of grass, frog, and fungus in the food chain: Grass < grasshopper < frog < snake < hawk < fungus
What is: grass (producer), frog (2 consumer), fungus (decomposer)?
What spheres does the water cycle affect?
What is: geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere?
Rate of an ecosystem's photosynthesis
What is gross primary productivity (GPP)?
What is quaternary trophic level (or tertiary consumer)?
Briefly describe the phosphorus cycle
What is: rock erodes, ions wash into soil/water, producers absorb, consumers eat producers; trapped in sediments?
What is NPP (net primary productivity)?