Energy in Ecosystems
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called
ecology
Name one cycle of matter.
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit is
mutualism
Name one biotic factor and one abiotic factor.
Biotic - living things in an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and protists
Abiotic - non-living things in an ecosystem, such as water, soil, air, sunlight, temperature, minerals, pH, humidity, and salinity
A symbiotic relationship in which one organism is harmed and another benefits is
parasitism
All the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food
web
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
bacteria
What animals eat both producers and consumers?
omnivores
A wetland that contains a mixture of fresh water and salt water is called
an estuary
How do most primary producers make their own food?
by using light energy to make carbohydrates
The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called the
biomass
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
bacteria --> responsible for converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form through the process of nitrogen fixation
Put the following in order:
community, species, population
species --> population --> community
Which landforms are not classified into a major biome?
-prairies - coastlines
- mountain ranges - islands
mountain ranges
The tendency for warm air to rise and cool air to sink results in
global wind patterns
What percent of energy in a trophic level is available to organisms at the next trophic level?
10%
Animals that get energy by eating the carcasses of other animals that have been killed by predators or have died of natural causes are called
scavengers
The principle stating that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time
competitive exclusion principle
Which two biomes have the least precipitation?
desert and tundra
How does an area’s weather differ from the area’s climate?
Weather is the area’s day-to-day conditions and climate is the area’s average conditions.
Give an example of interdependence.
the dependence of two or more things on each other
What is the main reason that matter can recycle through the biosphere?
because biological systems do not use up matter, they TRANSFORM it
Primary succession occurs when
A new area of land is created or exposed, such as after a lava flow or glacial retreat AND/OR there's no soil or the soil can't support life
Defined as the range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way it obtains what it needs to survive and reproduce.
niche
Name one way that carbon cycles through the biosphere.
photosynthesis, burning of fossil fuels, decomposition of plants and animals