Ch 4: The Periodic Table

General/Misc

100

The periodic table is arranged by

atomic number.

200

Define valence electron

outermost/highest energy electrons

300

Type of ion formed by metals

cation

400

How many valence electrons? 

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁴

6

500

Elements in the same period have the same...

number of energy levels.

Periodic Families

100

Elements that are violently reactive with water

alkali metals

200

elements that are stable due to a full valence shell

noble gases

300

List three properties of transition metals. 

good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, high melting and boiling points

400

How many valence electrons?

a. helium b. chlorine c. strontium

a. 2 b. 7 c. 2

500

Identify the family of each element: 

a. beryllium b. neon c. promethium d. francium e. bromine

a. alkaline earth metal b. noble gas c. lanthanide d. alkali metal e. halogen

Atomic Radius

100

Which is largest?

As  Sb  Bi

Bi

200

Which is largest? 

K  Ca  Sc

K

300

Which is largest?

C^-4  C  C⁺⁴

C^-4

400

Which is larger? Mg⁺² or Al⁺³

Mg⁺²

500

Why does atomic radius decrease from left to right? 

More protons are added while the number of energy levels stays the same. The increased pull from the protons in the nucleus causes the electrons to move in closer, making the atom smaller. 

Ionization Energy

100

Which has the highest ionization energy?

C  Si  Ge 

C

200

Define ionization energy

the energy needed to remove an electron from an atom in the gas phase

300

Which has the highest ionization energy? 

a. Mg  b. Ca⁺²  c. Na⁺¹  d. Mg⁺²

Mg⁺²

400

Beryllium has a first ionization energy of 900kJ and a second ionization energy of 1757kJ. What is the third ionization energy of beryllium? 

a. 1482 kJ   b. 14849 kJ   c. 2538 kJ   d. 1603 kJ

b. 14849kJ

500

How does ionization energy relate to atomic radius?

Smaller atoms have a higher ionization energy because their valence electrons are closer to the nucleus, making them more difficult to remove. 

Electronegativity

100

Which is more electronegative? 

C  N  O  S

O

200

What is the most electronegative element?

fluorine

300

Define electronegativity

the ability of an atom to pull electrons towards itself in a chemical bond

400

1. As atomic radius increases, electronegativity...

2. As ionization energy increases, electronegativity...

1. decreases

2. increases

500

Which is more electronegative, bromine or krypton? Why?

Bromine- krypton is a noble gas, meaning it already has a full valence shell. Bromine needs one more electron for a full valence shell, making it very electronegative.