Lipids
Substances that do not dissolve in
water
What are lipids?
breaks up fat into small drops
What is bile?
unfolding of a protein’s
three-dimensional structure
What is DENATURATION?
The body can make them from other AAs
What are nonessential amino acids?
Protein is continually synthesized and degraded
What is protein turnover?
Most common form of fat in the diet
What is a Triglyceride?
breaks down
triglycerides into free fatty acids (FFA)
What is Pancreatic Lipase?
BUILD STRUCTURES, TRANSPORT SUBSTANCES, SPEED UP REACTIONS (ENZYMES), HELP IN FLUID BALANCE
WHAT ARE PROTEIN FUNCTIONS?
Nonessential AAs may become essential in
times of illness and stress
What are Conditionally Essential Amino Acids?
the process by which
cells use genes to make proteins (2 steps)
What is Gene Expression?
contain one
double bond along the carbon chain
What are Monounsaturated fatty acids?
Bile + FFAs form
What are micelles?
THE ENZYME THAT BREAKS PEPTIDE BONDS TO BEGIN CHEMICAL DIGESTION IN THE STOMACH
WHAT IS PEPSIN?
The body cannot
make and must come from the diet
What are Essential Amino Acids?
body cannot make,
and protein synthesis STOPS!
What is an essential AA?
contain two or
more double bonds along the carbon chain
What are Polyunsaturated fatty acids?
TGs packaged into
What are chylomicrons
In small intestine, AA, di-
and tri-peptides absorbed
using
What are transporter proteins?
Amino acids link together to form ___
What are peptides?
Amino acids must first
be
What is deamination?
This is
where you start counting to identify double bond
What is an Omega end (ω)?
“Taxi” that deliver cholesterol to cells via the
blood
What is LDL?
THE PROCESS OF REMOVING AN AMINO GROUP FROM AMINO ACIDS SO CARBON, HYDROGEN, AND OXYGEN CAN BE BROKEN DOWN TO PRODUCE ATP
WHAT IS DEAMINATION?
EXTRA AMINO ACIDS CAN BE USED FOR ENERGY AS _______ OR STORED AS ______
WHAT IS GLUCOSE AND FAT
cleaves
off 2 carbons (Acetyl-
CoA) at a time
What is beta-oxidation?