Dawn of Ind. Age
What is an enclosure?
The process of taking over and consolidating land formerly shared by peasant farmers.
What is capital?
Money that is used to invest.
What is urbanization?
The movement of people to cities.
What is social democracy?
A political ideology of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism.
In transportation, what was steam power use to operate?
Locomotives/trains.
Who was James Watt?
A Scottish engineer who improved the steam engine, making it more efficient.
What is an entrepreneur?
Someone who assumes the financial risk of starting a business.
What is a labor union?
A worker organization.
The people as a whole, not private individuals would own and operate the means of production.
How did labor and capital combine to create the industrial revolution?
Capital was invested in factories that employed the workforce.
In what country did the Industrial Revolution start?
Britain
What is an enterprise?
What are tenements?
Multistory buildings divided into apartments.
"The greatest happiness for the greatest number" is a focus of what idea?
Utilitarianism
What was a major use of high-quality iron?
To make better trains and railroads.
What was one way improved agriculture techniques contributed to population growth?
It created a surplus of food.
What are two reasons the industrial revolution began in England?
Britain had plentiful natural resources and easy access to the sea.
Who benefited most from the industrial revolution?
Entrepreneurs
Who was Robert Owen and what did he support?
A once poor Welsh boy, the utopian set up a model community in Scotland. He supported the organization of labor unions.
What did laissez-faire economists believe?
That the free market would help everyone, not just the rich.
Who were Charles Townshend and Jethro Tull?
They developed new agricultural techniques.
The flying shuttle and the spinning jenny were technological advances in what industry?
The textile industry.
What was one hazard of working in the textile factories?
Air filled with lint that gets in the lungs.
What are two goals of communism?
To end capitalism and to establish a classless society.
What effect did new technology have on the putting-out system?
It ended the putting-out system.