Keywords
What was the Black Death?
a plague caused by fleas on rats which spread from person to person
Where did the Black Death begin?
Asia
What were knights?
Specially trained fighters. Usually the sons of other knights or lords.
What is the difference between a merchant and a craftsman?
Merchant = bought and sold goods
Craftsman = made and sold goods
Where did monks live? Where did nuns live?
Monks = lived in a monastery
Nuns = lived in a nunnery or convent
What was Anti-Semitism?
A hatred of Jews
How did it spread?
It spread from fleas on rats
What were the 3 stages of becoming a knight?
1. at 7 you were a page.
2. at 14 you were a squire
3. at 21 you were dubbed a knight and took the oath/code of chivalry
Describe a medieval workshop, ie. Where was it located? what was above the workshop? How were the trades separated from other trades?
Workshops were on the ground floor, the craftsman lived above the shop, a sign was above the door to tell people what type of shop it was
Name 3 'good works' that monks and nuns did
1. Helped the poor
2. sheltered people travelling
3. looked after the sick
4. taught people to read and write
5. protected people who were threatened with violence
What was the code of chivalry?
a code of behaviour or a promise knights took to be generous, loyal, protect women and children, and be kind to the poor.
How did people in the Middle Ages think the plague was caused?
They thought it was 1. a punishment from God for their sins 2. they blamed Jews for the plague
What was the open filed system?
3 large fields, crops were rotated (changed) every year, and 1 field was left fallow (clear of animals or crops) to recover
Explain how someone became a master craftsman
Apprentice at 14, they trained/worked for 7 years, then they produced a masterpiece, then they became a journeyman, and then a master craftsman
What was the rule that all monks and nuns followed during the Middle Ages?
St. Benedict's Rule
What was the feudal system or feudalism?
the system of land ownership
What did people in the Middle ages do to try prevent/stop themselves getting the plague?
They used to pray, fast, and whip themselves
What type of house did a Medieval peasant live in?
A small house made of timber, the walls were made of wattle and daub (sticks and mud woven together)
What is the difference between a market and a fair?
Market = happened once a week, people from outside the town would come to sell their produce.
Fair = much larger, held once or twice a year, merchants and traders came from near and far to buy and sell goods
Name the 3 vows that monks and nuns took
Poverty, Chastity, Obedience
What was a guild?
an organisation that controlled trade.
Name 3 impacts or consequences of the Black Death
1. Population decline - 30% - 60% of the population died.
2. Shortage of labour (people to work)
3. Shortage of tenants (people to rent houses/land)
4. Rise of Anti-Semitism
What is the difference between a freeman and a serf?
Freeman = paid rent money and could move away whenever they wanted to.
Serf = not free and needed permission from the lord to travel
What was a curfew?
a rule which meant people had to stay indoors after a certain time at night
Name 3 buildings in a medieval monastery
Church, cloisters, refectory, infirmary, dormitory, scriptorium