Ch. 5 The Cell Cycle and Protein Synthesis

Interphase

100

True or False  Sexual reproduction results in offspring that are identical to the parent.

False

200

How many chromosomes are in a human sperm cell?

23

300

A nucleotide contains what 3 things?

sugar, phosphate, base

400

What characteristic of spores allows them to survive in unfavorable conditions?

surrounded by a protective covering

500

In a DNA molecule, what are the base pairs?

adenine-thymine

cytosine-guanine

Prophase

100

Genes are sections of what?

DNA

200

What is the process of regrowing missing body parts?

regeneration

300

What carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes?

messenger RNA (mRNA)

400

Name all 4 bases for a DNA molecule.

adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

500

Describe two purposes of Mitosis.

Mitosis ensures that the two daughter cells have identical genetic information.  In unicellular organisms, mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction.  In multicellular organisms, mitosis is used for growth and for replacing dead cells.

Metaphase

100

A cell that has two of each kind of chromosome is call what? haploid or diploid

diploid

200

Proteins are strands of what?

amino acids

300

Before a cell divides, it makes a copy of its genes during which phase?

interphase

400

Who are the two scientists who came up with a model for the structure of DNA?

Watson and Crick

500

What are the 3 types of asexual reproduction?

spore, regeneration, budding

Anaphase

100

In which type of reproduction does the offspring receive genes from both parents?

sexual

200

Protein synthesis occurs on which organelle?

ribosomes

300

When all the genes of a chromosome have duplicated but are still attached, the structures that are formed are called what?

sister chromatids

400

A codon codes for a what?

amino acid

500

In a RNA molecule what are the base pairs?

cytosine-guanine

adenine-uracil

Telophase

100

True or False During cell division, each new cell must get exactly the same amount of cytoplasm and the same number of each organelle.

False

200

A group of 3 bases is called a what?

codon

300

What is the main purpose for mitosis? For each daughter cell to receive exact copies of what? 

DNA or chromosomes

400

An onion has 16 chromosomes in a normal diploid cell.  How many chromosomes would a onion cell have after mitosis?  How many would a onion cell have after meiosis?

16 after mitosis

8 after meiosis

500

Give similarities and differences of asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. 

Asexual and sexual reproduction result in new organisms.  

Asexual= mitosis, offspring identical to parent, one parent needed

sexual=meiosis, offspring are NOT identical to parent, two parents needed