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Volcanoes & Plate Tectonics
Volcanic Eruptions
Volcanic Landfoms
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100
A mountain built up of layers of lava or lava and ash
What is a volcano
100
These provide the force that causes an eruption.
What are bubbles of gas?
100
These are large steep mountains made of combinations of lava and pyroclastic material.
What is a composite volcano?
100
This is magma that has reached the earth's surface.
What is lava?
100
This is a large group of volcanoes that surrounds the Pacific ocean.
What is the Ring of Fire?
200
Volcanoes are most often found here.
What are plate boundaries
200
This is a bowl shaped area that forms around the volcanoes central vent.
What is a crater?
200
This is formed when the magma chamber of a volcano collapses.
What is a cauldera?
200
This is a small, steep sided volcano made of only pyroclastic material.
What is a cinder cone?
200
This is an example of some of the world's largest volcanoes made exclusively of many layers of lava.
What is a sheild volcano?
300
This is a place in the earth's crust where magma rises from deep in the mantle.
What is a hot spot?
300
This mineral causes magma to become thick like toothpaste.
What is silica?
300
These are formed when fluid lava erupts from long fissures, or cracks, and spreads over a large area.
What is a lava plateau?
300
These are two structures formed when magma cools underground, either horizontally between rock layers, or vertically cutting across rock layers.
What are sills and dikes?
300
This is the reason that rock rises at mid-ocean ridges.
What is reduction of pressure at divergent boundaries?
400
These are groups of volcanoes usually formed along an oceanic/oceanic convergent boundary.
What is a volcanic island arc?
400
The force that causes magma to rise in a volcano and erupt.
What is pressure from expanding gasses?
400
This forms when a large mass of magma cools underground and is exposed when the rock above it erodes away.
What is a batholith?
400
This is a combination of hot gasses, ash, cinders and volcanic bombs.
What is a pyroclastic flow?
400
These are the two causes of rock melting into magma at convergent boundaries with a subducting plate.
What are increase in temperature and change of chemical composition?
500
These include change in temperature, pressure and composition.
What are the reasons that rock melts?
500
This is the main difference between pahoehoe and a'a lava.
What is the temperature of the lava?
500
These are created when a mass of hardened magma is uplifted and causes the rock above it to be bent upward.
What is a dome mountain?
500
These are the terms used to classify a volcanoes activity.
What are active, dormant and extinct?
500
Besides Hawaii, Yellowstone and Iceland are examples of these.
What are hot spots?