Temperature Regulation
Sweat functions to cool the body by ______________
Evaporation
Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located where?
Dermis
Hair and nails are composed of
dead, keratinized cells
Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the production of what?
Melanin
Exposure to UV radiation greatly increases the chance of what?
Skin cancer
List the MAJOR functions of skin (Name 3)
Protection
Regulates body temperature
Other barrier functions (water, UV radiation, and harmful chemicals)
Synthesizes vitamin D
Sensation
Nonverbal communication
What happens to the epithelial cells as they are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface?
They tend to die. (Also become flattened and keratinized)
A smooth muscle attaching follicle to dermis
Piloerector muscle (arrector pili)
A ____________ is a skin transplant from one person to another, where a ______________ is a skin transplant from one part of the person's body to another.
Homograft (allograft), autograft.
Brown and black hair is rich in
eumelanin
Daily Double: List two types of Cutaneous glands.
merocrine sweat glands
apocrine sweat glands
sebaceous glands
ceruminous glands,
mammary glands
List two functions of Subcutaneous fat
Energy reservoir
Thermal insulation
What is the MAJOR difference between a hair and a hair follicle?
The hair is made up of dead cells, whereas the hair follicle is made up of living epidermal cells
A burn that involves ONLY the epidermis is called
First-degree (Superficial partial-thickness) burn
List a characteristics of a person most likely to develop a cutaneous carcinoma
spent/spends a lot of time in the sun
OR light skin color
What are the two types of UV rays?
UVA and UVB
In order from outside to inside- List the 2 layers of the skin as well as the fatty layer
Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous layer (or hypodermis)
As a person ages, the skin LAYERS typically become
THINNER (skin becomes reduced)
What determines a person's skin color?
The AMOUNT OF MELANIN produced by melanocytes
Describe inflammation. (3 things)
Reddened appearance, swollen, painful, warm temperature
What are the symptoms of hyperthermia? (2 symptoms)
Fatigue, dizziness, heat exhaustion, headache, muscle cramps, and nausea
The epidermis is made up of what type of tissue? The dermis?
Epidermis: EPITHELIAL tissue
Dermis: Mostly CONNECTIVE tissues
Where are Guard hairs (vibrissae) found in our body?
Nostrils and ear canal
Skin cells play an important role in the production of which vitamin?
Vitamin D
Which layer of the dermis forms fingerprints?
Papillary