Muscle Anatomy
This is the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber.
What is the sarcolemma
Of the three main types of muscle, this type of muscle is the only type that is voluntary.
What is skeletal muscle?
A muscle named 'biceps brachii' has how many heads of origin?
What are two? (bi = two)
This inherited disease causes muscles to degenerate and atrophy.
What is muscular dystrophy?
The largest muscle in the human body.
The protein that makes up the thick filaments of a sarcomere and is exposed by calcium ions.
What is myosin?
This is sometimes referred to the "go" signal for muscle contraction.
What are calcium ions?
A muscle that assists the prime mover in performing a movement is called this.
What is a synergist?
A prolonged muscle contraction caused by low calcium levels in the blood is called this.
What is tetany?
By surface area, this muscle has the largest surface area in the human body.
What is the latissimus dorsi?
Daily Double (600pts)
This structural unit, bounded by Z-discs, is the basic contractile unit of a muscle fiber.
What is the sarcomere?
This neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate an action potential.
What is acetylcholine?
This is the primary muscle responsible for the abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint.
What is the deltoid muscle?
ATP is directly regenerated from ADP in the first few seconds of intense exercise by this molecule.
What is creatine phosphate?
To reduce the risk of rapid atrophy, these people use specialized workout equipment 2+ hours a day. This is because of their extremely high altitude for extended periods of time.
Who are astronauts?
This connective tissue wrapping surrounds individual muscle fibers.
What is the endomysium?
During a muscle contraction, the A bands stay the same length while these two bands shorten.
What are the H and I bands?
This term describes a contraction where the skeletal muscle does not shorten, but increases tension.
What is isometric?
This degenerative muscle disease caused by a mutation in the gene encoding dystrophin leads to progressive muscle wasting.
What is Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
This movement type uses a combination of extension, abduction, flexion, and adduction.
Bonus (100pts): Name the most common kind of joint this occurs in.
What is circumduction? (common in the ball and socket joint)
Order the following from largest to smallest:
1. Myofilament
2. Myofibril
3. Sarcomere
What is 2, 3, 1 (Myofibril, Sarcomere, Myofilament)
This state occurs when a muscle is stimulated so rapidly that it cannot relax, producing smooth, sustained maximum force.
What is complete tetanus?
The tibialis anterior performs this action at the ankle.
What is dorsiflexion?
This disease involves the immune system attacking acetylcholine receptors, causing muscle weakness.
What is myasthenia gravis?
Daily Double (1000pts)
This is the name for sporadic uterine contractions, also known as "practice contractions" or "false labor".
What are Braxton Hicks Contractions?