Membrane Structure
This molecule is made of glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.
What is a phospholipid?
Membrane proteins that span the phospholipid bilayer are called this.
What are integral proteins?
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy.
What is passive transport?
Water moves toward the side with this.
What is higher solute concentration?
Fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane to release contents outside the cell.
What is exocytosis?
Phospholipids are described as this because they have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.
What is amphipathic?
Membrane proteins loosely attached to the surface of the membrane are called this.
What are peripheral proteins?
Movement of molecules from low to high concentration requiring ATP.
What is active transport?
A solution with equal solute concentration as the cell.
What is isotonic?
Engulfing large solid material into the cell.
What is phagocytosis?
This model describes the membrane as a fluid bilayer with embedded proteins that move laterally.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
This property of the plasma membrane allows some substances to cross more easily than others.
What is selective permeability?
This type of diffusion requires a transport protein but no ATP.
What is facilitated diffusion?
An animal cell placed in a hypertonic solution will do this.
What is shrink (crenate)?
Engulfing extracellular fluid.
What is pinocytosis?
This molecule stabilizes membrane fluidity in animal cells.
What is cholesterol?
Water crosses the plasma membrane primarily through these specialized channel proteins.
What are aquaporins?
Ions move across membranes based on this combined gradient.
What is the electrochemical gradient?
A plant cell placed in a hypotonic solution becomes this.
What is turgid?
Endocytosis that uses receptor proteins to take in specific molecules.
What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?
Name TWO differences between integral and peripheral membrane proteins.
Integral proteins embedded in the bilayer and peripheral proteins attached to the surface?
Name the six major functions of membrane proteins.
RATTLE, What are recognition, anchorage, transduction, transport, linkage, and enzymatic activity?
ATP does NOT directly power this type of transport but creates the gradient used to move another substance.
What is cotransport (secondary active transport)?
Predict what happens: A cell has more solute inside than outside. Water will move in or out?
In
Name the THREE types of passive transport.
What are diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis?