Ch. 7.4 Skeletal System Key Terms
The appendicular skeleton forms the extremities and is composed of the shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bones.
What is the appendicular skeleton?
The axial skeleton forms the main trunk of the body and is composed of the skull, spinal column, ribs, and breastbone.
What is the axial skeleton?
Wrist
What are carpals
Collarbones
What are cavicles?
The cranium is the spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain.
What is the carnium?
The cranium is the spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain.
What is diaphysis?
The endosteum is a membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow intact.
What is endosteum?
the two extremities, or ends, are each called an epiphysis.
What is epiphysis?
thigh
What is the femur?
1 fibula (the slender, smaller bone of the lower leg that attaches to the proximal end of the tibia)...
What is fibula?
Spaces called fontanels, or 'soft spots,' allow for the enlargement of the skull as brain growth occurs.
What are fontanels?
Foramina are openings in bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone.
What is foramina?
Upper arm
What is humerus?
Joints are areas where two or more bones join together.
What are joints
Connective tissue bands, called ligaments, help hold long bones together at joints.
What are ligaments?
The medullary canal is a cavity in the diaphysis.
What is are meduallry canal?
...5 metacarpals (palm of the hand)...
What are metacarpals?
...5 metatarsals (instep of foot)...
What are metatarsals?
...two os coxae (coxal, or hip, bones)...
What is os coxae?
1 patella (kneecap)
What is the patella?
The outside of bone is covered with a tough membrane, called the periosteum...
What is periosteum?
...1 radius (lower arm on thumb side that rotates around the ulna to allow the hand to turn freely)...
What is a radius?
Red marrow is found in certain bones, such as the vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and cranium, and in the proximal ends of the humerus and femur.
What is red marrow?
12 pairs of ribs
What are ribs?
Sinuses are air spaces in the bones of the skull that act as resonating chambers for the voice.
What are sinuses?