Ch. 7.4 Skeletal System Key Terms
What is Appendicular skeleton
Forms the extremities of the skeleton (shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, leg bones)
What is Diaphysis
Long shaft of a long bone
What is Fontanels
Soft spots allowing for the enlargement of the skull as brain growth occurs
What is Medullary Canal
Cavity in the diaphysis filled with yellow marrow
What is Periosteum
Outside of the of the bone covered
What is Axial skeleton
Skeletal system half containing the main trunk of the body (Skull, spinal column, ribs, breastbone)
What is Endosteum
A membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps yellow marrow intact
What is Foramina
Openings in the bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone
What is Metacarpals
Palm of the hand bones (5 per)
What is Phalanges
Small foot bone (2 on the great toe and 3 on each of the other 4 toes) Small hand bones (3 on each finger and 2 on the thumb)
What is Carpals
Wrist bones (8 per)
What is Epiphysis
Two ends of a long bone
What is Humerus
Upper arm bones (1 per)
What is Metatasals
Instep of foot bone (5 on each leg)
What is Radius
Bone on lower arm on the thumb side that rotates around the ulna so hand can turn freely (1 per)
What is Clavicles
Collarbones
What is Femur
Thigh bone
What is Joints
Areas where two or more bones join together
What is Os Coxae
Two parts of the pelvic girdle joined on the sacrum on the dorsal side of body
What is Red Marrow
Found in certain bones; where hematopoiesis takes place
What is Cranium
Spherical structure surrounding and protecting the brain
What is Fibula
Slender, smaller bone of the lower leg attached to the proximal end of tibia
What is Ligaments
Connective tissue bands holding long bones together at joints
What is Patella
Kneecap
What is Ribs
Bones attached to the thoracic vertebrae on the dorsal surface of the body (12 pairs; 24 total)