Ch. 7.5 Muscular System
What is Abduction
Moving a body part away from the midline.
What is Adduction
Moving a body part toward the midline.
What is Cardiac muscle
Forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood.
What is Circumduction
Moving in a circle at a joint, or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary (e.g. swinging an arm in a circle)
What is Contractibility
Muscle fibers that are stimulated by nerves contract, or become short and thick, which causes movement.
What is Contracture
A severe tightening of a flexor muscle resulting in bending of a joint.
What is Dorsiflexion
Bending backward or bending the foot toward the knee.
What is Elasticity
Allows the muscle to return to its original shape after it has contracted or stretched.
What is Excitability
Irritability, the ability to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve impulse
What is Extensibility
The ability to be stretched.
What is Extension
Increasing the angle between two bones, or straightening a body part.
What is Fascia
Tough, sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the tissue.
What is Flexion
Decreasing the angle between two bones, or bending a body part.
What is Insertion
The end that moves when the muscle contracts is called the insertion.
What is Involuntary
Function without conscious thought or control.
What is Muscle tone
State of partial contraction of muscles when not in use.
What is Muscular system
Made up by more than 600 muscles.
What is Origin
The end that does not move when a muscle attaches to a bone.
What is Plantar flexion
Bending forward or bending the foot away from the knee.
What is Pronation
Turning a body part downward.
What is Rotation
Turning a body part around its own axis (e.g. turning the head from side to side)
What is Skeletal muscle
Attached to bones and causes body movement.
What is Supination
Turning a body part upward.
What is Tendons
Strong, though, fibrous connective-tissue cords.
What is Visceral muscle
Also called smooth muscle, found in the internal organs of the body.