Ch. 7.5 Muscular System

Ch. 7.5 Muscular System

100

Abduction

Moving a body part away from the midline

200

Adduction

Moving a body part toward the midline

300

Circumduction

Moving a body part in a circle, or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary, such as swinging an arm in a circle. * 5.

400

Contractibility

The ability of muscle fibers to contract or become short and thick, which causes movement

500

Contracture

• A severe tightening of a flexor muscle resulting in bending of a joint.

Ch. 7.5 Muscular System

100

Dorsiflexion

Bending backward or bending the foot toward the knee

200

Elasticity

• Allows the muscle to return to its original shape after it has contracted or stretched.

300

Excitability

• The ability of the muscle to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve impulse.

400

Flexion

Decreasing the angle between two bones, or bending a body part.

500

• Plantar flexion

Bending forward or bending the foot away from the knee.

Ch. 7.5 Muscular System

100

Pronation

Turning a body part downward

200

Rotation

• Turning a body part around its own axis, for example, turning the head from side to side.

300

Supination

Turning a body part upward

400

Cardiac muscle

Forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood. It is involuntary and branched

500

Skeletal muscle

Muscle attached to bones by tendons; it is also called striated (striped) muscle and is voluntary.

Ch. 7.5 Muscular System

100

Visceral muscle

• Muscle found in the internal organs of the body such as those of the digestive and respiratory systems and the blood vessels and eyes. It is involuntary and smooth, contracting slowly to exert steady pressure.

200

Fascia

• A tough, sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the tissue.

300

Insertion

• The end of a muscle that moves when the muscle contracts.

400

Involuntary

Functions without conscious thought or control (applies to cardiac and visceral/smooth muscle).

500

Excitability

• The ability of the muscle to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve impulse.

Ch. 7.5 Muscular System

100

Flexion

• Decreasing the angle between two bones, or bending a body part.

200

Plantar flexion

Bending forward or bending the foot away from the knee

300

Cardiac muscle

Forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood. It is involuntary and branched

400

Voluntary

• Performs functions under a person's conscious control (applies to skeletal muscle).

500

Tendons

Strong, tough, fibrous connective tissue cords that attach skeletal muscles to bones