Ch. 7.5 Key terms
what is Abduction?
moving a body part away from the midline
what is Contracture?
a severe tightening of a flexor muscle resulting in bending of a joint
what is Extension?
increasing the angle between two bones, or straightening a body part
what is muscle tone?
muscles are partially contracted at all times, even when not in use
what is Rotation?
turning a body part around its own axis; for example, turning the head from side to side
what is Adduction?
moving a body part toward the midline
what is Dorsiflexion?
bending backward or bending the foot toward the knee
what is Fascia?
a tough, sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the tissue
what is muscular system?
more than 600 muscles make up the system
what is skeletal muscle?
attached to bones and causes body movement
what is cardiac muscle?
forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood
what is Elasticity?
allows the muscle to return to its original shape after it has contracted or stretched
what is Flexion?
decreasing the angle between two bones, or bending a body part
what is Origin?
when a muscle attaches to a bone, the end that does not move
what is Supination?
turning a body part upwards
what is Circumduction?
moving a in a circle at a joint, or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary, such as swinging an arm in a circle
what is Excitability?
irritability, the ability to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve impulse
what is Insertion?
the end that moves when the muscle contracts
what is plantar flexion?
bending forward or bending the foot away from the knee
what is Tendons?
strong, tough, fibrous connective-tissue cords
what is contractibility?
muscle fibers that are stimulated by nerve contract, or become short and thick, which causes movement
what is Extensibility?
the ability to be stretched
what is Involuntary?
they function without conscious thought or control
what is Pronation?
turning a body part downward
what is visceral muscle?
also called a smooth muscle, is found in the internal organs of the body, such as those of the digestive and respiratory systems, and the blood vessels and eyes