Aqueous Humor
A clear, watery fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the iris (anterior chamber) and the space between the iris and the lens (posterior chamber). It helps maintain the pressure in the eye and nourishes the cornea and lens.
Lens
A clear, biconvex structure located behind the iris and pupil. It changes shape (a process called accommodation) to focus light onto the retina.
Viteroua humor
A clear, gel-like substance that fills the large space behind the lens and in front of the retina. It helps maintain the eye's spherical shape.
Eustachian tube
A narrow passage that connects the middle ear to the back of the nasopharynx (upper throat). It's main function is to equalize air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane.
Vestibule
The central part of the bony labyrinth (inner ear), situated between the cochlea and the semicircular canals. It contains two sacs (utricle and saccule) that house receptors for static balance (detecting linear movement and the position of the head relative to gravity).
Conjuctiva
A thin, transparent membrane that covers the outer surface of the sclera (the white part of the eye) and lines the inside of the eyelids.
Pupil
The dark, circular opening in the center of the iris. It's the aperture through which light enters the eye. Its size is controlled by the iris.
Chorid Coat
The vascular layer of the eye, rich in blood vessels, situated between the retina and the sclera. It nourishes the outer layers of the retina.
Organ of Corti
The sensory organ for hearing, located within the cochlea. It contains hair cells that are the auditory receptors, which convert sound vibrations into nerve impulses.
Cornea
The transparent, dome-shaped outer layer at the very front of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. It is the eye's primary refracting surface.
refracts
In the context of the eye, this means to bend light as it passes from one medium to another (e.g., from air into the cornea, and then through the lens). The cornea and lens are the main structures that refract light to focus it on the retina.
Auditoty Canal
The tube that extends from the auricle (outer ear) to the tympanic membrane (eardrum). It channels sound waves to the eardrum.
Ossicles
The group of three tiny bones in the middle ear: the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup). They transmit sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the cochlea.
iris
The colored part of the eye that is located behind the cornea. It is a muscular structure that controls the size of the pupil and thus the amount of light that reaches the retina.
Retina
The light-sensitive inner layer at the back of the eye. It contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that convert light into electrical signals, which are then sent to the brain via the optic nerve.
Auricle
These are synonyms for the fleshy, visible part of the outer ear on the side of the head. It is shaped to collect and funnel sound waves into the auditory canal.
Semicirular Canals
Three fluid-filled loops in the inner ear that are positioned at right angles to each other. They contain receptors that detect head and body rotation and are crucial for maintaining balance.
The glands that produce tears (lacrimal fluid), which moisten, lubricate, and cleanse the surface of the eye.
Sclera
The tough, white outer layer of the eyeball that protects the inner parts and maintains the eye's shape.
Cochlea
The snail-shaped, fluid-filled organ in the inner ear. It contains the sensory receptors for hearing (the organ of Corti).
Typanic Membrane
A thin, taut membrane separating the external ear from the middle ear. It vibrates in response to sound waves, starting the process of hearing.