Ch. 7.8 Circulatory System Key Terms
Aortic valve
Located between the left ventricle and aorta; closes when left ventricle is finished contracting, allowing blood to flow into the aorta and preventing blood from flowing back into the left ventricle
Arrhythmias
Abnormal heart rhythms and can be mild to life threatening
Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart
Blood
Tissue containing many kinds of cells and flows through circulatory system
Capillaries
Connect arteries with venules, the smallest veins
Circulatory System
Cardiovascular system; transportation system of the body with the heart, blood vessels, and blood; transports nutrients and waste
Diastole
Pause of rest of the cycle of the right and left sides of the heart
Endocardium
Smooth layer of cells lining the inside of the heart; continuous with the inside of blood vessels and allows for smooth flow of blood
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
Hemoglobin
Complex protein carries oxygen/carbon dioxide
Left atrium
Upper left chamber of heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
Left ventricle
Bottom left chamber of heart receives blood from the left atrium and pumps the blood into the aorta for transport to the body cells
Leukocytes
White blood cells; less common than red blood cells
Mitral Valve
Located between left atrium and left ventricle; closes when left ventricle contracts allowing blood flow to aorta and preventing blood from flowing back into the left atrium
Myocardium
Muscular middle layer of the heart and thickest layer
Pericardium
Double layered membrane or sac covering the outside of the heart
Plasma
Fluid that makes up blood, 90% water
Pulmonary Valve
Located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery; vessel carries blood to the lungs
Right Atrium
Upper right chamber of heart retrieves blood as it returns from body cells
Right ventricle
Receives blood from the right atrium and pumps between the left ventricle and the aorta, largest artery in the body
Septum
Muscular wall that separates the heart into a left and right side; prevents blood from moving on the left and right sides
Systole
Period of ventricular contraction in the cycle of the right/left sides of heart
Thrombocytes
Platelets; fragments/pieces of cells lacking nuclei and have various shape
Triscuspid valve
Located between the right atrium and right ventricle; closes when right ventricle contracts allowing blood to flow to the lungs/prevent blood from flowing back into the right atrium
Veins
Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart