Ch. 7.8 Circulatory System Key Terms

Ch. 7.8 Circulatory System Key Terms

100

Aortic Valve

• The valve between the left ventricle and the aorta that prevents blood from flowing back into the ventricle.

200

Circulatory System

• The system comprising the heart, blood vessels, and blood, responsible for transporting substances throughout the body.

300

Left Atrium

• The upper-left chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

400

Pericardium

The sac with two layers that encloses the heart.

500

Septum

• The muscular wall that divides the heart into the right and left sides.

Ch. 7.8 Circulatory System Key Terms

100

Arrhythmias

• Abnormalities or irregularities in the heart's rhythm or rate.

200

Diastole

• The phase of the heart cycle when the heart muscle relaxes and the chambers fill with blood.

300

Left Ventricle

• The lower-left chamber that pumps oxygenated blood out to the body.

400

Plasma

• The pale-yellow, liquid component of blood that suspends the blood cells.

500

Systole

• The phase of the heart cycle when the heart muscle contracts, pushing blood out.

Ch. 7.8 Circulatory System Key Terms

100

Arteries

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body (except for the pulmonary artery).

200

Endocardium

• The thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the heart's chambers and covers the valves.

300

Leukocytes

• White blood cells (WBCs), which function in the immune system to defend against infection.

400

Pulmonary Valve

• The valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery that prevents backflow into the ventricle.

500

Thrombocytes

• Platelets, which are cell fragments primarily involved in blood clotting.

Ch. 7.8 Circulatory System Key Terms

100

Blood

• The fluid circulated by the heart, transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and removing waste.

200

Erythrocytes

Red blood cells (RBCs), which contain hemoglobin and transport oxygen

300

Mitral Valve

• The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle (also called the bicuspid valve).

400

Right Atrium

• The upper-right chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from the body.

500

Tricuspid Valve

• The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle.

Ch. 7.8 Circulatory System Key Terms

100

Capillaries

• The smallest blood vessels, serving as the site of exchange between blood and body tissues.

200

Hemoglobin

• An iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds to and transports oxygen.

300

Myocardium

• The thick, muscular middle layer of the heart wall responsible for pumping action.

400

Right Ventricle

• The lower-right chamber that pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

500

Veins

• Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back toward the heart from the body (except for the pulmonary veins).