Ch. 7.8 Circulatory System Key Terms
between the left ventricle and the aorta, the largest artery in the body. It closes when the left ventricle is finished contracting, allowing blood to flow into the aorta and preventing blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.
aortic valve
also known as the cardiovascular system, is often referred to as the "transportation" system of the body. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
circulatory system
receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
left atrium
a double-layered membrane, or sac, that covers the outside of the heart.
pericardium
a muscular wall that separates the heart into a right side and a left side. It prevents blood from moving between the right and left sides of the heart.
septum
are abnormal heart rhythms and can be mild to life threatening.
arrhythmias
The cycle consists of a brief period of rest,
diastole
receives blood from the left atrium and pumps the blood into the aorta for transport to the body cells.
left ventricle
Blood is made of the fluid called plasma and formed or solid elements called blood cells (Figure 7-53). Plasma is approximately 90 percent water, with many dissolved, or suspended, substances.
plasma
The cycle consists of a brief period of rest, called diastole, followed by a period of ventricular contraction, called
systole
carry blood away from the heart.
arteries
a smooth layer of cells that lines the inside of the heart and is continuous with the inside of blood vessels.
endocardium
or white blood cells, are not as numerous as are erythrocytes.
leukocytes
located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, a blood vessel that carries blood to the lungs.
pulmonary valve
also called platelets, are usually described as fragments or pieces of cells because they lack nuclei and vary in shape and size.
thrombocytes
delivers vital substances like oxygen and nutrients to cells while transporting waste products away for removal
blood
or red blood cells, are produced in the red bone marrow at a rate of about one million per minute.
erythrocytes
located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
mitral valve
receives blood as it returns from the body cells.
right atrium
located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It closes when the right ventricle contracts, allowing blood to flow to the lungs and preventing blood from flowing back into the right atrium.
tricuspid valve
connect arterioles with venules, the smallest veins.
capillaries
gives blood its characteristic red color. When blood contains a lot of oxygen, it is bright red; when blood contains less oxygen and more carbon dioxide, it is a much darker red with a bluish cast.
hemoglobin
The thickest layer is the myocardium, the muscular middle layer.
myocardium
receives blood from the right atrium and pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery, which carries the blood to the lungs for oxygen.
right ventricle
carrying blood, typically low in oxygen, from the body's tissues back to the heart
veins