Vocabulary
partnerships
Which activity enabled the spread of Minoan civilization from Crete to Greece and other Aegean islands?
sea trade
How did Sparta differ from other city-states?
It was a military society
What did Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations have in common?
They declined and disappeared mysteriously
What geographic features of Greece encouraged the independence of Greek city-states?
high mountains and many islands
What are triremes?
Greek warships
Which class of people earned fine houses and lands to rule in exchange for their service?
warriors
How did Spartan government work?
It shared power among kings, an elite council, and elected officials
Where did Minoan civilization begin?
Crete
How did Solon change Athens?
He allowed an assembly of free citizens to pass laws
What are raw materials?
substances from which other products are made, such as tin, gold, pearls, and ivory
Who was Homer?
a Greek poet who wrote the Iliad
How did Athenian society differ from Spartan society?
Athenians valued education
Which group conquered the weakened Minoans?
Mycenaeans
Who were Darius I and Xerxes?
Persian emperors
What are epic poems?
long poetic stories
Which statement describes early Greek city-states?
They each developed their own system of government
What prompted Darius I of the Persian Empire to attack Greece?
Athens supported the Ionian revolt
Where did Greek city-states build their acropolis?
at the highest point of the city
What is the significance of the Iliad and the Odyssey?
They provide insight into the mythology and history of ancient Greece
What is an agora?
a city's marketplace and social center for sports, festivals, and meetings
What circumstance led to war among city states from 750 to 550 B.C.?
scarcity of resources
What event brought event Athens and Sparta together?
war with the Persian Empire
What group challenged the aristocratic rule of tyrants in some Greek city-states?
merchants
Why did Athens and Sparta form an alliance?
to resist conquest by the Persians