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Physical Development
Piaget's Theory
Information Processing Perspective
Individual Differences in Mental Development
Learning in School
100
Friendly chasing and play-fighting
What is Rough-and-Tumble Play
100
The capacity to think through a series of steps and then mentally reverse direction, returning to the starting point.
What is reversibility
100
Deliberate mental activities we use to store and retain information.
What are memory strategies
100
An intelligence test that measures general intelligence as well as verbal reasoning, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. Referred to as the most “culture-fair” intelligence test.
What is the Welchsler Intelligence Scale for Children.
100
Small groups of classmates working toward common goals.
What is cooperative learning
200
A greater than 20% increase over healthy body weight based on a BMI above the 95th percentile
What is Obesity
200
The ability to order items along a quantitative dimension, such as length or width.
What is seriation
200
A memory strategy that involves grouping related items together to improve recall.
What is organization
200
An intelligence test that assesses general intelligence as well as knowledge, quantitative reasoning, visual-spatial processing, working memory, and basic information processing.
What is the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales
200
Outstanding performance in a specific field.
What is talent
300
A stable ordering of group members that predicts who will win when conflict arises
What is Dominance Hierarchy
300
Thought is far more logical, flexible, and organized than it was earlier. It extends from ages 7-11 and marks a major turning point in cognitive development.
What is the Concrete Operational Stage
300
An approach to beginning reading instruction that parallels natural language learning by exposing children to text in its complete form, using reading materials that are whole and meaningful to promote appreciation of the communicative function of written language.
What is whole-language approach
300
The theory which identifies eight independent intelligences on the basis of distinct sets of processing operations that permit individuals to engage in a wide variety of culturally valued activities.
What is Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences
300
Students with learning difficulties learn alongside typical students in a regular educational setting for part or all of the school day.
What is an inclusion classroom
400
Most common vision problem in middle childhood
What is Myopia (aka: Nearsightedness)
400
Ability to seriate mentally.
What is transitive inference
400
A memory strategy that involves creating a relationship, or shared meaning, between two or more items of information that do not belong in the same category in order to improve recall.
What is elaboration
400
A theory in which intelligent behavior involves balancing three broad, interacting intelligences- analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence- to achieve success in life, according to one’s personal goals and the requirements of one’s cultural community.
What is Sternberg’s triarchic theory of successful intelligence
400
The generation of multiple and unusual possibilities when faced with a task or problem.
What is divergent thinking
500
In middle childhood, the gender gap is large: girls have an edge in writing, drawing, balance and agility, but boys outperform girls in all other gross-motor skills like throwing. The boys' genetic advantage is not large enough to account for this difference; rather, _____________________ plays a larger role.
What is Social environment including parents' higher expectations for boys' athleticism
500
Networks of concepts and relations that permit them to think more effectively about a wide range of situations.
What are Central Conceptual Structures
500
The process of continuously monitoring progress toward a goal, checking outcomes, and redirecting unsuccessful efforts.
What is cognitive self-regulation
500
An approach to testing consistent with Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development, in which purposeful teaching is introduced into the testing situation to find out what the child can attain with social support.
What is dynamic assessment
500
Emphasis on effort; High-quality education for all; More time devoted to instruction.
What are factors that support achievement in Asian nations