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10.1: Early Ideas About Evolution
10.2: Darwin's Observations
10.3: Theory of Natural Selection
10.4: Evidence of Evolution
10.5: Evolutionary Biology Today
100
What is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring?
What is a species?
100
What is the term for "the difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group"?
What is variation?
100
The development by scientists of a new color in a rose is the result of which type of selection?
What is artificial selection?
100
Name an example of a vestigial structure.
What is: the wings of an ostrich, the pelvic bone of a whale or snake, etc?
100
Define Paleontology.
What is the study of fossils?
200
Who is the scientist that proposed that if an organism used a structure so much that it grew, the trait of that larger structure could be passed to its offspring?
Who is Jean-Baptiste Lamarck?
200
What did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations on the Galápagos Islands off the coast of South America?
What is "different species (w/different niches) on different islands"?
200
In natural selection, what is the selective agent?
What is the environment, or nature?
200
Biogeography is the study of ______________________.
What is the distribution of organisms around the world?
200
The DNA sequences in two organisms that are closely related would be ___________________.
What is "very similar"?
300
The “present is the key to the past” describes which theory of geologic change?
What is uniformitarianism?
300
Over time, adaptations can lead populations to experience a. environmental changes. b. genetic changes. c. geologic changes. d. extinctions.
What is "b. genetic changes."?
300
All the rabbits living in a particular area would be an example of a(n) a. population. b. species. c. fossil. d. individual organism.
What is "A) population"?
300
What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?
What is evolution from a distant common ancestor?
300
What do you call gene sequences that no longer function?
What are pseudogenes?
400
What is the definition of a fossil?
What is "a trace of an organism that existed in the past"? (or any other accurate definition - according to Holly's discretion)
400
What did Charles Darwin learn from the fossils of a giant armadillo that he found in Argentina?
What is "Modern animals may be related to fossilized organisms."?
400
A bird that can easily outcompete other birds for food and that can produce many eggs has a high a. life expectancy. b. mutation rate. c. fitness. d. adaptability.
What is "c) fitness"?
400
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures. What term described these structures?
What is "homologous structures"?
400
Evolution is considered to be one of the most important theories in science, because it a. was developed more than 100 years ago. b. is not supported by the fossil record. c. unites the fields of biology, geology, chemistry, and ecology. d. was discovered by Charles Darwin, a famous scientist.
What is "c. unites the fields of biology, geology, chemistry, and ecology."?
500
Which theory of geologic change states that landforms on Earth’s surface, such as mountains, waterfalls, and canyons, were created as the result of sudden spectacular events?
What is catastrophism?
500
Fossils of marine organisms high in the Andes Mountains led Darwin to conclude what?
What is "great change can happen over time"?
500
Which of the following describes natural selection? a. It acts on genetic material directly. b. It acts on existing physical traits. c. It forms new traits. d. It forms new genetic material.
What is "b) It acts on existing physical traits."?
500
If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n) a. close relative. b. early ancestor. c. unrelated organism. d. embryological stage.
What is "b) early ancestor."?
500
What do protein sequences in one organism that resemble those of another suggest?
What is "they have a shared ancestry."?