Ch.11 Nutrients and Diets
absorption
when blood or lymph capillaries pick up the digested nutrients
proteins
build and repair body tissues,provide heat and energy,reduces antibodies
sodium-restricted diets
low amount of salt in food, avod or be limited to specific foods
carbohydrates
major source of readily useable human energy
calorie
heat measured by unit
diabetes mellitus
increased level of glucose in the blood
digestion
process which the body breaks down food into smaller parts changing the food chemically
hypertension
high blood pressure,excess amount of fat or salt in diet
metabolism
the nutrients are used by the cells for building tissue and providing energy
osteoporosis
the bones become full of tiny holes and break easily, lack of calcium
bland diet
easily digested foods that do not irritate digestive tract
atherosclerosis
arteries are narrowed by accumulation of fatty substances
nutrition
All body processes relating to food
obesity
form of malnutrition caused by excess food consumption
nutritional status
the state or condition of one’s nutrition
cellulose
indigestible form of plant carbohydrate
fiber diets
high fiber diets are 30 grams low are 10-15 grams
therapeutic diets
modifications of a normal diet are used to improve specific health conditions
bulimarexia
In which a person binges then induces vomiting or uses laxatives to get rid of food that has been eaten
soft diet
foods must require little chewing and be easy to digest
basal metabolic rate (BMR)
the rate the body uses energy for maintaining its own tissue with voluntary work
lipids
provide fatty acids for growth and development,fats and oils
body mass index (BMI)
A calculation that measures weight in relation to height and correlates this with body fat
bulimia
In which a person eats excessive amounts of food then fasts or refuses to eat at all
peristalsis
food being broken down by teeth and moved through digestive tract