Aging and Health conditions
The risk of osteoporosis in older women can be lessened by replacing the lost estrogen with __________.
hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
True or False: Longevity of life has been associated with number of heartbeats in individuals of different species.
True
What is a form of active euthanasia in which a physician helps a patient who no longer desires to live because of pain or an incurable illness to commit suicide?
True or False: There is a cure for Alzheimer's disease.
False; there is no cure but there are treatments than can slow its progression.
What is the science that studies the causes and mechanisms of aging?
Gerontology
age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
What is specific metabolic rate?
The amount of energy per gram of body weight consumed per day
Who was the person who identified five distinct stages associated with the process of dying?
Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
Amyloid protein can indicate which disease?
Alzheimer's disease
What is the average life expectancy at birth for male and female Americans combined?
77 years
List 3 environmental factors that may contribute to osteoporosis?
Possible answers: poor diet, smoking, corticosteroid use, excess alcohol consumption, and lack of exercise
What is the main benefit of caloric restriction? What is one major problem assoicated with it?
Benefit: evidence supports that it can extend one's life span.
Problem: knowing when to begin restricting the amount of food.
What is the goal of hospice?
To meet the total health needs of the patient (physical, psychological, and spiritual). Dying is supposed to be a peaceful and comfortable process.
List three symptoms of senile dementia.
Possible responses are: loss of memory that increases over time, feeling confused, loss of problem-solving skills, delusional/agitated behavior, becoming lost in familiar settings, loss of interest in daily activities
Structures at the ends of chromosomes are called _______ and are responsible for maintaining the integrity of each chromosome.
Telomere
How can you reduce environmental noise when operating noisy equipment?
Wearing ear plugs or ear muffs
Where does evidence for a "biological clock" that determines the maximum life span come from?
living will
What refers to the slowing down and loss of spontaneous movement?
Bradykinesia; it is a symptom of Parkinson's disease
List 3 examples of foods that are said to contain antioxidant chemicals.
Possible answers: any fruit or vegetable, coffee
What is the name of the drug that has been approved for treating the wet form of macular degeneration?
ranibizumab
Exposure to radiation and chemicals can produce reactive molecules in the cells called _____.
free radicals
What state passes the Death with Dignity Act in 1997?
Oregon
Recently a group of related genes called _____ have been shown to play crucial roles in the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
sirtuins
What is the most common fracture as a result of osteoprosis?
Hip fracture