Takeoff/Landing
A transitional maneuver that shifts the weight of an aircraft from the landing gear to the wings.
What is a takeoff.
Vx vs Vy
Angle vs Rate
What is cruise performance dependent on?
Fuel burned.
A velocity/power graph which describes the relationship of AoA, thrust output, max endurance, max range, etc.
Power Curve.
Decreasing throttle in reverse command is
(and why)
Dangerous because it can get you behind the power curve during landing.
What are the factors that increase takeoff and landing distance and why?
High, hot, heavy, and humid. (DA) (Decreasing air density)
Increasing density altitude requires a higher takeoff velocity and decreases the amount of thrust the engine can provide.
When we fly to gain maximum vertical velocity and minimum horizontal velocity.
What is max angle of climb?
Max endurance.
An increase in maximum range is correlated to
(Justify your answer)
An increase in altitude.
Factors affecting landing
4H
The plane needs to fly at higher velocities to stay in equilibrium therefore increasing the distance required to land.
Takeoff and landing speeds with respect to stall speed.
20% above power off stall speed.
The greatest vertical difference to be gained in the shortest time possible.
What is maximum rate of climb.
Maximum distance a plane can travel over ground given an amount of fuel.
Maximum Range.
Flying at L/Dmax AOA during engine failure achieves
(state why)
What is max glide profile to achieve maximum glide range?
This is reducing our drag as much as possible to get us as far as possible.
Aerodynamic braking is
Holding a constant pitch attitude after touchdown thus creating more parasite drag.
True.
Flying to avoid obstacles.
Max angle of climb.
Where is Max range on the power curve and how is it abbreviated?
L/Dmax AOA. This is located at a higher point in the power curve than Max endurance.
Flying the minimum angle of descent by going slower than the L/Dmax velocity and holding a higher AoA than L/Dmax AOA.
Why would we do this?
What is flying maximum glide endurance. This allows for communication with ATC and time for them to send crash crews out to us.
When mechanical braking becomes effective
After enough weight is transferred to the wheels of an airplane.
Why is there a 20% between takeoff speed and stall speed?
Safety. This minimizes flying in reverse command and allows for better turns after takeoff.
a comparison of altitude gained relative to the time needed to reach that altitude.
Rate of climb.
Where is max endurance located on the power curve and why?
Max endurance is located lower than the L/Dmax AOA because you will be flying slower and thus utilizing less fuel.
Velocities above the maximum endurance are ___ thus velocity and throttle are ____ related.
Velocities below maximum endurance are _____ and thus velocity and throttle become____ related.
In normal command/directly
In reverse command/inversely
Countermeasures to crosswinds.
Rudder/nosewheel/ailerons