Circulatory systems
Three parts of the circulatory system
Pump (heart), liquid (blood), tubes (vessels)
Why is closed better than an open circulatory system?
more efficient in general (faster flow, high pressure)
First vertebrate heart to evolve?
fish
3 types?
loose, dense, specialized
3 types?
skeletal
cardiac
smooth
What are things transported by the circulatory system? (not blood)
O2, CO2, WBCs, platelets, nutrients, waste, hormones
Invertebrates that have closed circulatory systems
Earthworms, squid, octupi
What reptile has a four chamber heart
crocodile
Purpose of connective tissue?
support and strengthen other tissues, bind cells of other tissues into structures
What ability is unique to muscle tissue
contraction
What are the functions of blood and vessels?
Blood is the medium for transport
Vessels conduct blood
Difference between a closed and open circulatory system?
blood in a closed system is confined to heart and vessels
How is direction of bloodflow maintained in the heart
valves
Name some specialized connective tissues
cartilage
bone
adipose
blood
What connects the cells in cardiac muscle
gap junctions
Purpose of circulatory system
diffusion of nutrients and waste removal from cells
This is a series of inter-connected spaces found only in open circulatory systems
hemocoel
How many atria and how many ventricles are in the 3-chamber heart?
2 atria, 1 ventricle
Difference between a tendon and a bone
tendon connects muscle to bone
ligament connects bone to bone
Which muscle tissues are under conscious control?
Skeletal
Functions of the vertebrate circulatory system?
transport 02 and CO2
distribute nutrients and hormones
transport waste to liver or kidney
regulate temperature
circulate WBCs
prevent blood loss through clotting
Why do we want oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separated?
it uses less energy so results in more efficient respiration
Difference between atrioventricular and semilunar valves
AV-allow blood to flow from atria into ventricles
SL-allow blood to flow from ventricles into arteries
Which connective tissues have fluid-containing proteins
All
What system stimulates muscle tissue? (causing movement)
Central Nervous System