Location
A body of land surrounded by water on three sides.
Peninsula
A period of time when trade, artistry, and farming declined in Greece after the Dorians invaded Greece. Lasted about 300 years.
The Dark Ages
After the Dark Ages, the population of Greece grew rapidly. They could not grow enough food for everyone to eat. How did they deal with this problem?
They sent people outside of the Aegean Sea area to establish colonies.
An open area outside of the acropolis used as a market place,
Agora
The name of the wars fought between Greek city-states and Persia.
The Persian Wars
The mainland of Greece and Athens is located on what peninsula?
The Balkan Peninsula
First civilization to develop in Aegean Sea region of Greece.
Minoans
What was the result of Greek communities being separated by seas and mountains?
They became independent city-states.
What rights did male citizens have in ancient Greece?
The right to vote, hold public office, own property, and defend themselves in court.
The Battle at Marathon
Sparta is located south of the Balkan Peninsula on what peninsula?
Peloponnesus or the Peloponnesian Peninsula
This group of people are thought to have conquered the Minoans and taken on many of their customs and their culture.
Mycenaeans
What major change/invention was made to the economy of Greece that greatly increased trade?
They began making coins from metal instead of bartering.
Who had the right to be a citizen in ancient Greece?
Only free, land owning men that were born in the city-state/polis.
Name the battle were Greek city-states were attacked by Persia, and King Leonidas of Sparta and his army of 300 stayed and fought to the death in order to buy time for Themistocles of Athens to devise a battle plan.
The Battle of Thermopylae
What are the advantages to Sparta's location and the disadvantages?
Advantages: Protection from invaders
Disadvantages: Not accessible for trade
After the Greeks left for Anatolia to escape the Dorians, they returned hundreds of years later with new knowledge, skills, and cultures. This sharing of ideas, cultures, and beliefs is an example of what?
Cultural Diffusion
Another name for a Greek city-state
Polis
How did most Greek citizens feel about their polis or city-state?
They were very loyal and took pride in their polis.
Who fought during the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta and their allies against Athens.
What are the advantages and disadvantages to Athen's location?
Advantages: Easy access to water for trade
Disadvantage: Easy attack from invaders
What is a bard?
Storyteller
At the center of each polis, was a fort built on a hilltop. What is this hilltop called called?
Acropolis
Heavily armed foot soldiers for the Greek army.
Hoplites
What was the main cause of the Peloponnesian War?
Athens became too powerful and ruled the other city-states too harshly.