Bacteria
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic.
What is the role of the viral capsid?
The capsid is the protein shell that protects the virus’s genetic material.
What are the cell walls of fungi made of?
Chitin
What is the protective protein of a virus?
Capsid
What are endospores and why are they important for bacteria
Protective structures formed by bacteria to survive harsh conditions like heat and dehydration.
Give an example of an animal-like protist and its role.
Amoeba, which engulfs and digests food particles through phagocytosis.
How do viruses reproduce?
Viruses hijack a host cell’s machinery to reproduce, either through the lytic or lysogenic cycle.
Fungi Obtain nutrients by:
Absorbing organic matter
How do protists move?
Protists move using structures like flagella, cilia, or by forming pseudopodia (e.g., amoeba).
What do endospores due for a bacterial organism?
Protect the bacteria from unfavorable conditions
What are the three main types of protists?
Plant-like (algae), animal-like (protozoa), and fungus-like (molds)
How does the lysogenic cycle differ from the lytic cycle?
In the lysogenic cycle, the virus integrates its genetic material into the host’s DNA, remaining dormant for a period.
Bread mold belongs to what group of organism:
Fungi
What are some common diseases caused by fungi?
Athlete's foot, ringworm, and yeast infections.
How do Gram-positive bacteria differ from Gram-negative bacteria?
Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thin layer and an outer membrane.
Which protists are autotrophic?
Plant-like protists
Cannot reproduce independently
What is an economic use for fungi?
Antibiotics, Supplementation
How do fungi reproduce sexually?
By producing sexual spores, often after two different mating types fuse.
What is nitrogen fixation, and which bacteria are involved in it?
The process of converting nitrogen gas into usable forms for plants, carried out by Rhizobium bacteria.
What is the main role of protists in aquatic ecosystem?
Photosynthesis, aquatic protists are a large producer of oxygen for the entirety of the earth
How do bacteria and viruses differ in terms of living status?
Bacteria are considered living organisms because they can reproduce and carry out metabolism, while viruses are non-living and require a host to replicate.
What type of fungi is mutualistic?
Mycorrhizae
What is an example of a protist causing disease in humans?
Plasmodium species, which cause malaria.