ambiguous figure
This researcher (1974) showed that people struggled to reinterpret a mental image to find a hidden parallelogram.
Who is Reed?
This is the mental representation of stimuli that are not actually present
What is mental imagery
The famous 1971 study that investigated mental rotation was conducted by these two researchers.
Who are Shepard and Metzler
This brain imaging method was used by Kosslyn, Thompson, and colleagues to study mental imagery.
What are PET scans?
Participants were correct only about this percentage of the time when asked to detect the hidden parallelogram from memory.
What is 14%?
Mental imagery is mainly driven by this type of processing rather than bottom-up.
What is top-down processing
In their experiment, participants had to judge whether two objects were this or different
What is the same
This brain region activates during mental rotation when people actually rotate objects
What is the primary motor cortex?
Reed’s findings suggest complex mental images are often stored using this type of code rather than purely visual images.
What is propositional code
Mental imagery uses information stored in this type of memory.
What is long-term memory
This variable increased as the amount of rotation increased in the experiment.
What is reaction time
Practicing with mental imagery helps prepare the brain for performing these
What are actual physical actions?
Chambers and Reisberg (1985) used this famous ambiguous figure often seen as two different animals.
What is the duck–rabbit figure
Imagining the sound of wind blowing is an example of this type of imagery.
What is auditory imagery
Large rotations compared to small rotations require more of this
What is time?