Key term
alveoli
An adult lung contains approximately 500 million alveoli. They are made of one layer of squamous epithelial tissue and contain a rich network of blood capillaries.
epiglottis
The epiglottis, a special leaflike piece of cartilage, closes the opening into the larynx during swallowing.
larynx
The larynx contains two folds, called vocal cords. The opening between the vocal cords is called the glottis
pharynx
As air leaves the nose, it enters the pharynx.
sinuses
Sinuses are cavities in the skull that surround the nasal area
bronchi
divide into smaller and smaller bronchi until, finally, they divide into the smallest branches,
expiration
the process of expiration (exhalation) occurs. Air is forced out of the lungs and air passages. This process of inspiration and expiration is known as respiration.
lungs
the lungs, the vocal cords vibrate and produce sound. The tongue and lips act on the sound to produce speech.
pleura
Each lung is enclosed in a membrane, or sac, called the pleura.
Trachea
The trachea (windpipe) is a tube extending from the larynx to the center of the chest. It carries air between the pharynx and the bronchi.
bronchioles
the openings of the bronchioles, mucus production increases, and edema develops in the mucosal lining.
external respiration
External respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream.
nasal cavities
The nasal cavities are lined with a mucous
respiration
The process of respiration is controlled at by the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata off the brain. An increased amount of carbon dioxide in the blood,
ventilation
Ventilation is the process of breathing.
cellular respiration
The cells then use the oxygen and nutrients to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide.
inspiration
the process of breathing in air
nasal septum
he nasal septum, divides the nose into two hollow spaces
respiration
The process of respiration is controlled at by the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata off the brain. An increased amount of carbon dioxide in the blood,
cilia
The cilia then help move the mucous layer that lines the airways to push trapped particles toward the esophagus, where they can be. swallowed.
internal respiration
Internal respiration is the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the tissue cells and the bloodstream
nose
The nose consists of a bony framework and cartilage with skin covering this framework.
respiratory system
The respiratory system consists of the lungs and air passages. This system is responsible for taking in oxygen, a gas needed by all body cells, and removing carbon dioxide, a gas that is a metabolic waste product produced by the cells when the cells convert food into energy.